Hemodynamics

Question 1

How do you calculate CSA?

Answer 1

CSA = LVOTd2 x .785

Question 2

What does Qp/Qs calculate?

Answer 2

Intracardiac shunts

Question 3

The TV opens ____ the MV because RA pressure exceeds RV pressure before the LA is able to overcome the LV pressure.

Answer 3

Before

Question 4

Supine to standing: ____ venous return, stroke volume and cardiac output.

Answer 4

Reduces

Question 5

Standing to supine: ____ venous return and stroke volume.

Answer 5

Increases

Question 6

Standing to squatting: will ____ venous return and stroke volume.

Answer 6

Increase

Question 7

Does inspiration increase or decrease venous return and stroke volume?

Answer 7

Increase

Question 8

Does expiration increase or decrease venous return and stroke volume?

Answer 8

Decrease

Question 9

Inhalation of amyl nitrite causes ____ in heart rate and decreases afterload.

Answer 9

Increase

Question 10

What is the time period between semilunar valve closure and MV and TV opening?

Answer 10

Isovolumic relaxation

Question 11

What is the time period between MV and TV closure and semilunar valve opening?

Answer 11

Isovolumic contraction

Question 12

____ is the time required for the peak pressure gradient to be reduced by one-half.

Answer 12

Pressure half-time

Question 13

Pressure half time is used for ____ and ____.

Answer 13

MS and AI

Question 14

What is the continuity equation?

Answer 14

SV / AV tvi