Ice on the land

Question 0

Interglacial period

Answer 0

Ice melts when temperature increases or gets hotter

Question 1

Glacial period

Answer 1

Ice advances as temperature starts to decrease or gets colder

Question 2

Ice sheet

Answer 2

Body of ice over 50,000 km (2) in extent

Question 3

Ice cap

Answer 3

Smaller body of ice. Less than 50,000 km

Question 4

Glacier

Answer 4

A finger of ice extending downhill

Question 5

Abrasion (erosion)

Answer 5

Sand paper effect as the glacier scours the valley floor because of rocks underneath the glacier leaving striations

Question 6

Plucking (erosion)

Answer 6

Water melting underneath the glacier bonds with the rocky surface and freezes due to freeze thaw weathering like glue. When the glacier moves the rocks are plucked away like loose teeth leaving jagged rocky surfaces

Question 7

Corries

Answer 7

Large hollowed out depressions on upper slopes of glaciated valleys

Question 8

Formation of Corries

Answer 8

Snow accumulates in a sheltered hollow and the snow turns into ice and a small corrie glacier is formed. Through the process of rotational slip, the glacier scoops put a deep hollow. If there is less erosion in front of the corrie this will cause a lip to raise, and the ice will melt forming a tarn behind the lip

Question 9

Arête

Answer 9

An knife edged ridge at the back of a corrie separating 2 glaciated valleys

Question 10

Formation Pyramidal peak

Answer 10

When 3 or more corrie are formed on a mountain the process of erosion may lead to a formation of a single peak rather than a ridge

Question 11

Truncated spur

Answer 11

A ridge that descends towards a valley floor from a higher elevation

Question 12

Formation of truncated spur

Answer 12

In a v shaped valley, When a glacier cannot flow around existing interlocking Spurs, the glacier will simply cut through them, forming truncated Spurs with steep edges

Question 13

Glacial trough

Answer 13

Steep sided, wide and flat bottomed valley due to the process of abrasion

Question 14

Ribbon lake

Answer 14

Long narrow lake at the bottom of a glacial trough

Question 15

Moraine

Answer 15

General term of the rock materials deposited by the ice

Question 16

Drumlins

Answer 16

Smooth egg shaped hills 10 meters in height made from morainic materials formed by the moving ice

Question 17

Avalanches

Answer 17

Masses of snow, ice and rocks moving downhill at speeds of 300 kph.

Question 18

Loose snow and slab Avalanche

Answer 18

Loose snow starts from a single point and usually an avalanche with powdery snow. Slab Avalanche is more deadly and involves a large slab of ice instead of powdery and may be carrying rocks and trees with it

Question 19

Formation of ribbon lakes

Answer 19

As the glacier moves downhill, it will find it difficult to erode through the hard rock, however, it finds it easy to erode through the softer rock and as it erodes through this will form a rock basin. The glacier will melt as it is damned by a rock bar and deposited moraine.

Question 20

Glacial transportation

Answer 20

Rock fragments resulting from freeze thaw weathering and those that have been eroded by the ice are transported by the glacier. This fragments are called moraine, being transported in, on and below the ice

Question 21

Glacial deposition

Answer 21

Occurs when the ice melts

Forward movement of the glacier pushes the deposited debris further downhill (bulldozing)

Question 22

Hummocks

Answer 22

Small area of raised ground

Formed when the glacier slowly retreats, leaving behind broken rock fragments and moraine