IB Definitions Flashcards
Crude birth rate
Births per 1000 of population per year
GNI per person
The total value of goods and services produced within a country together with the balance of income and payments from or to other countries
Infant mortality rate
The number of children who die before their first birthday per 1000 live births
Remittances
Transfers of money/goods by foreign/migrant orders to their home countries
Physical water scarcity
When water resources are at or approaching unsustainable levels. It depends on water demand and implies that arid areas are not necessarily water scarce
Economic water scarcity
A condition where economic/institutional/human restraints limit access to water; water is available locally but not accessible for everyone
Ecological footprint
The theoretical measurement of the amount of land and water a population requires to produce the resources it consumes and to absorb its waste under prevailing technology
Tourism
Tourism involves travel away from home for at least one night for the purpose of leisure
Leisure
Freely chosen activity or experience that takes place in non-work time
Carrying capacity
Maximum number of visitors/participants that a site can satisfy at one time
Environmental carrying capacity
The maximum number of people/visitors before the local environment/area becomes damaged/harmed
Perpetual carrying capacity
Amount of people before the environment/area/activity is spoiled or not enjoyed by those people (provides details of different use groups and their perceptions and feelings)
Health-adjusted life expectancy (HALE)
life expectancy adjuster for time spent in poor health due to disease and/or injury. It can also be defined as the equivalent number of years or full health that a newborn can expect to live. Based on current rates of mortality and ill-health
Life expectancy
Estimates the number of years a person is likely to live usually from birth according to current age-specific mortality rates
Food miles
Measure of the distance that food travels from its source (farm) to the consumer. Either in units of actual distance or energy consumed during transport
