Hypovolemic Shock

Question 1

What are the signs and symptoms of hypovolemic shock?

Answer 1

Increase HR and BP, poor skin turgor, thirst, increased RR/WOB, facial flossing, clammy skin, deterioration of mental status, low preload

Question 2

What is the pathophysiology of hypovolemic shock?

Answer 2

intravascular volume has decreased by at least 15%
leads to decreased pre-load
decreased cardiac output
causes release of adrenaline and noradrenaline
increases HR contractility
volume loss
decreased cardiac output
decreased tissue perfusion
impaired cellular metabolism
acute respiratory distress

Question 3

What are the causes of hypovolemic shock?

Answer 3

whole blood loss, interstitial fluid loss, plasma loss

Question 4

What are some nursing interventions and rationale for hypovolemic shock?

Answer 4

encourage fluids, IVF as per presecribed - to restore fluid electrolyte balance and rehydrate
administer antiemetics as prescribed -
locate and control source of bellying, dress wounds - to prevent further haemorrhage and restore homeostasis
provide O2 therapy as needs
use calming techniques and therapeutic relationship skills - to regulate RR and keep patient comfortable
to alleviate anxiety and ensure patient safety