Hypothalamus and Pituitary Gland Flashcards
what is a tropic hormone
one which has another endocrine gland as its target
what hormones are stimulating tropic neurohormones secreted by the hypothalamus
Throtropin, corticotropin, growth hormone, gonadotropin and prolactin releasing hormones
what are the inhibitory tropic neurohormones released by the hypothalamus
dopamine and somatostatin
prolactin inhibiting and growth hormone inhibiting
what two hormones govern growth hormone release
somatostatin (inhibitory) and growth hormone releasing hormone
what type of hormone is corticotropin releasing hormone
peptide
how do hormones travel from the hypothalamus to anterior pituitary
after being secreted by neurosecretory neurons at the median eminence they are transferred by a network of tiny blood vessels (hypothalamic-hypophyseal portal system)
hormones secreted by anterior pituitary
TSH, ACTH, FSH, LH, GH, Prolactin
what are the two gonadotropins
FSH and LH
which of the anterior pituitary hormones are tropic
TSH, ACTH, FSH, LH, GH
what is the purpose of prolactin
direct.
milk production
what hormone inhibits prolactin release
dopamine (PIH)
which AP tropic hormone acts on the adrenal cortex
corticotropins (ACTH)
what two neurohormones are secreted by the posterior pituitary
vasopressin (anti-diuretic hormone) and oxytocin
what is the hypothalamic-hypophyseal portal system
the two capillary beds of the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary in series for the transport of neurohormones
TSH release is stimulated by
TRH
action of thyroid stimulating hormone
tropic.
thyroid hormone release from thyroid gland
ACTH action
tropic.
cortisol release from adrenal cortex
growth hormone action
tropic.
release of insulin like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) from liver
direct.
tissue metabolism
action of FSH and LH
tropic.
sex hormone release
direct.
reproductive function regulation
what are androgens
male sex hormones
what tissue secretes cortisol
adrenal cortex
what are the two regulatory neurohormones acting on growth hormone
growth hormone releasing hormone and somatostatin (growth hormone inhibitory hormone)
two types of feedback loop
short loop and long loop
where are posterior pituitary neurohormones synthesised
magnocellular neurons which have cell bodies in hypothalamus and axons in PP
other name for pituitary stalk
infundibulum
which lobe is a continuation of hypothalamus
posterior
where do PP magnocellular neurons end
synapse to capillaries
where is the PP neurohormone packaged
in the cell body
what feature allows vasopressin and oxytocin to be released seperately
magnocellular neurons are specific to one or the other
