Anatomy Flashcards
relation of optic chiasm to pituitary gland
pituitary gland sits underneath the optic chiasm
visual field defect of pituitary tumour
bitemporal hemianopia
stalk that connects posterior to hypothalamus
infundibulum
which part of pituitary hugs round the other on histology
anterior hugs round posterior
which part of pituitary stains darker
anterior
2 cells types of anterior pituitary
basophils and acidophils
what 2 hormones are made by acidophils
prolactin and GH
what pituitary cell types make somatotrophs and mammotrophs
acidophils
what pituitary cell types make corticotrophs, gonadotrophs and thyrotrophs
basophils
secretory cells of posterior pituitary
neuroendocrine neurones
blood supply of pituitary
superior and inferior hypophysial arteries that are branches off the ICA
connection of AP and hypothalamus
hypothalamic-hypophysial portal system
vertebral extent of the thyroid gland
C5-T1
isthmus of thyroid lies opposite which tracheal rings
2nd and 3rd tracheal rings
two nerves of vocal cords
recurrent laryngeal nerve and superior laryngeal nerve (only does the cricothyroid muscle)
location of the recurrent laryngeal nerve
between trachea and oesophagus
superior thyroid artery comes from
ECA
inferior thyroid artery comes from
subclavian
superior thyroid vein drains into
IJV
middle thyroid vein drains into
IJV
inferior thyroid vein drains into
brachiocephalic
cells lining thyroid follicles
follicular cells
content of thyroid follicle
colloid
hormones of thyroid
calcitonin and thyroid hormone (T3 and T4)
what separates the parathyroids and thyroid
a thin fibrous capsule
difference between drainage of left and right adrenals
left adrenal vein goes into left renal vein
right adrenal vein goes into the IVC
superior adrenal artery is a branch off
inferior phrenic artery
middle adrenal artery is a branch off
the aorta
inferior adrenal artery is a branch off
the renal arteries
layers of cortex from out to in and what they make
glomerulosa –> aldosterone (mineralocorticoids)
fasciculata –> cortisol (glucocorticoids)
reticularis –> testosterone (androgens)
cells of adrenal medulla
chromaffin cells
cells that secrete insulin
beta cells in islets of langerhans
