Hypothalamic and pituitary drugs

Question 1

Goserelin
Leuprolide
Nafarelin
Histrelin
are example of what drug class, MOA, indications, s/e?

Answer 1

GnRH agonists Transient agonist effects are followed by the suppression of the hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis.
Cancer (continuous administration)
Breast cancer
Prostate cancer
Infertility (pulsatile administration)
Endometriosis
Precocious puberty
S/E: hypogonadism; osterporosis

Question 2

GnRH antagonists

Answer 2

Degarelix

Question 3

Block GnRH receptors on pituitary to decrease FSH and LH secretion

Answer 3

Degarelix

Question 4

Elevated liver enzymes

Answer 4

Degarelix

Question 5

Infertility (pulsatile administration

Answer 5

Leuprolide

Question 6

Decreased bone mineral density

Answer 6

GnRH agonists

Question 7

Somatostatin analogs example

Answer 7

Octreotide
Lanreotide

Question 8

MOA of somatostatin analogs

Answer 8

Inhibit GH secretion

Question 9

Octreotide is use for

Answer 9

Acromegaly, VIPoma

Question 10

Side effect of somatostatin analogs

Answer 10

Cholelithiassis

Question 11

GHRH analogs example

Answer 11

Tesamorelin

Question 12

GHRH analogs MOA

Answer 12

Stimulate GH receptors

Question 13

GHRH analogs use:

Answer 13

GH deficiency
Turner
Short stature

Question 14

Side effect of GHRH analogs

Answer 14

Increase insulin resistance
Intracranial HTN
Gynecomastia

Question 15

GH receptor antagonists example

Answer 15

Pegvisomant

Question 16

MOA GH receptor antagonist

Answer 16

Block GH receptor

Question 17

Acromegaly

Answer 17

Pegvisomant
GH receptor antagonists

Question 18

Pegvisomant s/e

Answer 18

Hepatotoxicity

Question 19

Bromocriptine
Cabergoline

Answer 19

Dopamine agonists

Question 20

MOA for Dopamine agonists

Answer 20

Stimulate dopamine receptors

Question 21

Prolactinoma

Answer 21

Dopamine agonists

Question 22

Dopamine agonists s/e

Answer 22

Orthostatic hypotension
Confusion, hallucination

Question 23

Hypernatremia

Answer 23

ADH antagonists

Question 24

ADH antagonists ex

Answer 24

Conivaptan
Tolvaptan
Demeclocycline (a tetracycline)

Question 25

MOA Conivaptan

Answer 25

selective V2 receptor antagonis

Question 26

Block V2 receptors and decrease water reabsorption in the renal collecting duct

Answer 26

Conivaptan

Question 27

ADH analogs ex

Answer 27

Desmopressin Terlipressin

Question 28

ADH analogs s/e

Answer 28

Hyponatremia

Question 29

MOA ADH analogs

Answer 29

Act on the V1 and V2 receptors Release vWF stored in the endothelium

Question 30

ADH analogs use

Answer 30

Central DI

Question 31

Mediates calcium influx → uterine contraction

Answer 31

Oxytocin

Question 32

Oxytocin usae

Answer 32

Induction of labor Augmentation of labor Postpartum hemorrhage

Question 33

S/E oxytocin

Answer 33

Hyponatremia Tachysystole Hypotension