Hypertensive heart disease Flashcards
A 59-year-old woman with a history of pulmonary hypertension due to chronic bronchitis presents with signs of right heart failure. A cardiac ultrasound finds increased thickness of the wall of the right ventricle. Which one of the listed abnormalities is the most likely cause of this cardiac pathology?
Cor pulmonale
A 9-year-old boy presents with the new development of uncontrolled jerking in his arms and legs. He had a sore throat approximately 6 weeks prior that resolved without treatment. Physical exam notes involuntary, purposeless, rapid muscular movements. Gripping the doctor’s fingers causes the child’s grip to increase and decrease continuously (so-called milkmaid’s grip). What is the most likely cause of these clinical findings?
Sydenham chorea - major clinical manifestation of acute rheumatic fever - Pt’s w/ sydenham chorea carry high risk of chronic valvular disease
Interstitial myocaridal granulomas
aka Aschoff bodies - found in carditis due to acute rheumatic fever
What type of hypersensitivity is rheumatic fever
Type II
At the time of autopsy of a cachectic 74-year-old man who died secondary to metastatic colon adenocarcinoma, a few small vegetations are found along the line of close of the mitral valve. A histologic section from one of these vegetations reveals sterile interwoven fibrin strands with mononuclear cells. The underlying endothelium of the mitral valve is intact. What is the best diagnosis for these lesions?
Marantic endocarditis - aka nonbacterial thrombotic endocarditis
Characterized by valvular deposition of sterile platelet-rich thrombi - most commonly seen w/ advanced malignancy (especially mucinous adenocarcinoma)
Histologic characterization of viral myocarditis
Characterized histologically by myocyte necrosis w/ numerous lymphocytes
What is cor pulmonale
Right ventricular hypertrophy secondary to any pulmonary cause
What bacteria that causes infective endocarditis is strongly associated w/ colon cancer?
Bovis gallolyticus
Accumulation of cardiac sarcomeres in parallel
Concentric hypertrophy
Accumulation of cardiac sarcomeres in series
Eccentric hyperterophy
Base cause of eccentric hypertrophy
Volume overload
Aschoff body - pathomnemonic of rheumatic valvlular disease
Criteria for rheumatic fever
Histologic presentation of Janeway lesion
Osler lesion - histopathologic cause
Immune complex deposition
Common viral causes of myocarditis
Coxsackie B Zvirus
Picornavirus
