Hypertension Flashcards
1
Q
Symptoms
A
End organ damage
Headaches and nose bleeds not really caused by it but common
2
Q
Stage 1 definition
A
140/90
AND
ABPM 135/85
3
Q
Stage 2 definition
A
160/100
AND
ABPM 150/95
4
Q
Stage 3 definition
A
Systolic >180
Diastolic >110
5
Q
Malignant hypertension
A
BP>180/110
Papilloedema or retinal haemorrhages
6
Q
Postural hypotension
A
- measure BP seated or supine
- stand patient for 1 minute
- systolic drops by more than 20mm
7
Q
ABPM
A
- 24 hour
- take BP 3 times an hour during day
- hourly at night
- night should dip, if not = worse prognosis
- home monitoring acceptable alternative
8
Q
Who should be offered ABPM
A
All patients
9
Q
What to ask about in HPC?
A
- pregnancy
- the pill
- BP check for work -e.g. HGV
10
Q
What to ask about in PMH?
A
- diabetes
- CVA
- MI
- renal disease
11
Q
What to ask about in FH?
A
- cause and age of death
- MI and CVA specifically
- parents and siblings
12
Q
What to ask about in SH?
A
- smoking
- alcohol
- salt
- dairy
- 5 a day
- exercise
- caffeine
- snoring
13
Q
What to ask about in CV systems review?
A
- angina
- claudication
- exercise tolerance
- erectile function
14
Q
What to ask about in systems review for women?
A
- pregnancy plans
- contraception
15
Q
What to do on examination/
A
- both arms
- APBM before starting treatment
- end organ damage signs = eyes, proteinuria
- secondary causes = cushings, coarctaton, RAS
