Commonly used Cardiac Meds Flashcards
1
Q
Treatment with HFrEF
A
1) ACEi/ABR and or beta blocker
2) Aldosterone antagonist OR hydralazine with nitrate OR ivabradine
3) cardiac resynchronisation therapy or digoxin
2
Q
Drugs improving mortality in HF
A
ACEi
Beta blockers
Spironolactone
Hydralazine with nitrates
3
Q
E.g of ACEi
A
Ramipril
lisinopril
enalapril
4
Q
Adverse reactions of ACEi
A
Hypotension
Hyperkalaemia
Dry cough
Angioedema
5
Q
ARB adverse reactions
A
hyperkalaemia
hypotension
less risk of angioedema than ACEi
6
Q
MOA of spironolactone
A
- aldosterone ant (potassium sparing)
- stops Na+ reabsorption and K+ excretion
- hyperkalaemia
7
Q
Adverse reaction of spironolactone
A
- gynaecomastia = if male high doses >100mg/day
8
Q
Alternative to spironolactone
A
Eplerenone
9
Q
Indication for beta blocker in HF
A
- chronic
- reduced EJ
- otherwise worsens acute HF
- not for use in asthmatics
10
Q
Hydralazine with nitrate MOA
A
- hydralazine = arterial vasodilator = reduces afterload
- nitrate = venodilator
11
Q
Ivabradine MOA
A
- inhibits funny channel present on pacemaker cells in SAN
- causes bradycardia
- no negative inotropic effect
- suitable for use in asthmatics
12
Q
Drugs for HFpEF
A
- diuretics if fluid overload = furosemide and spironolactone
- manage co-morbidities
13
Q
Co-morbidities treatment for HFpEF
A
- antiplatelet
- statin
- diabetes meds
- weight loss
- smoking cessation
- influenza and pneumococcal vaccs
14
Q
Acute HF Treatment
A
- position
- oxygen
- IV furosemide
- monitor weight, renal function and UO
15
Q
Loop diuretic mechanism
A
- inhibit Na-Cl-K cotransporter
- loss of Na+ in urine
