Hypertension

Question 1

Explain essential HTN?

Answer 1

Altered RAAS elevated BP by impairing sympathetic output, increasing mineralocorticoid secretion and vasocontriction

Question 2

What are acquired causes of HTN?

Answer 2

Diabetes
Hyperthyroid
Aortic Coarctation
Renin secreting tumours
Vascular disease
Conns (Na retention) (adenoma or bilateral hyperplasia)
Cushings 
Phaeochromocytoma- pallor, palpitations, chest pain

Question 3

What drugs cause HTN?

Answer 3

NSAIDs
COCP
Cyclosporins
SNRIs
Cocaine
Amphetamine

Question 4

What is stage 1 hypertension?

Answer 4

140/90 in clinic

Question 5

When do you offer treatment in stage 1 HTN?

Answer 5

If under 80 with target organ damage, CV disease, renal disease, diabetes or CHADS2VASC risk of >20

Question 6

What i stage 2 hypertension?

Answer 6

160/100

Question 7

When do you offer treatment in stage 2 HTN?

Answer 7

All

Question 8

What is stage 3 HTN?

Answer 8

180/110

Question 9

What is the target BP in over 80s?

Answer 9

150/90

Question 10

What is target BP in under 80s?

Answer 10

160/100

Question 11

How do you manage HTN in uner 55s?

Answer 11

ACEi/ARB
ACEi/ARB and CCB
Add thiazide diuretic
Add spironolactone (K dependent)

Question 12

How do you manage HTN in over 55 os black?

Answer 12

CCB

ACEi/ARB and CCB

Question 13

How do you manage resistant hypertension?@

Answer 13

Spironolactone
Alpha blocker
BB