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Cardiology > ECGs > Flashcards

ECGs Flashcards

1
Q

What need to be seen on what leads to be normal axis?

A

Lead 1
AVF
Both positive

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2
Q

If Lead 1 is positive and AVF negative what is the axis?

What should be checked next?

A

Possible left devation

Check II- if negative implies pathological LAD -30–90

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3
Q

What is the normal heart axis?

A

-30 to 90

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4
Q

What is the axis deviation if Lead 1 is negative but AVF is positive?

A

RAD

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5
Q

What is the axis deviation if both 1 and AVF are negative?

A

Extreme LAD

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6
Q

What are causes of Left axis deviation?

A 
LVH
LBBB
Inferior MI
WPW
Short squat patient
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7
Q

What are causes of R axis deviation?

A 
RVH
Lateral STEMI
COPD
K+
Ventricular ectopic
PAEDS
TALL ADULTS
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8
Q

When are p waves tall?

A

Pulmonary hypertension

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9
Q

Which lead should you look at for flutter?

A

V1 or II

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10
Q

How long should PR interval be?

A

3-5 small squares

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11
Q

How long should QRS be?

A

3-5 small squares

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12
Q

What are causes of long PR?

A

Heart block

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13
Q

What are causes of short PR?

A

WPW

Re entry circuits

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14
Q

What causes alternating high and low voltage ECG?

A

Pericarditis

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15
Q

What causes long QT?

A 
Hypokalaemia
Hypomag
Hypocal
Hypothermia
MI
ICP
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16
Q

What medications cause long QT?

A 
Antipsychotics
Amiodarone
Sotalol
Amytrypilline
Citalopram
Antihistamines
Clarithromycin
Quinine
17
Q

What causes ST elevation?

A 
MI
Prinzmetals
Pericarditis (Saddleback)
ICP
BBB
Brugada syndrome
18
Q

What caues ST depression?

A 
NSTEMI
Posterior MI
Digoxin
RBBB
RVH

Cardiology (15 decks)

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