Hypertension

Question 1

Approximately what percentage of the pediatric population is diagnosed with HTN?

Answer 1

1-5%

Question 2

What percentage of HTN cases are primary HTN?
a. 60%
b. 70%
c. 80%
d. 90%

Answer 2

d. 90%

Question 3

What is the difference between primary and secondary HTN?

Answer 3

Secondary HTN is caused by another disease state or by the use of certain medications, primary HTN is not

Question 4

Which of the following is a common cause of primary
hypertension in children?
a. Polycystic Kidney Disease
b. Coarctation of the Aorta
c. Pyelonephritis
d. Unknown Cause

Answer 4

d. Unknown Cause

Question 5

Thiazide diuretics MOA

Answer 5

Inhibits sodium and chloride reabsorption in the distal convoluted tubule leading to sodium, water, potassium and hydrogen ion excretion in the urine

Question 6

Twice daily loop diuretics should be dosed at least ___ hours apart

Answer 6

6 hours

Question 7

True or false: HCTZ is 1.5 – 2x more potent than chlorthalidone and has a prolonged half-life

Answer 7

False. Chlorthalidone is more potent than HCTZ

Question 8

Loop diuretic MOA

Answer 8

Inhibits sodium and chloride reabsorption in the ascending Loop of Henle and distal renal tubule, causing increased excretion of Na, Cl, Mg, Ca and water

Question 9

(Loop/thiazide) diuretics are preferred when CrCl is < 30mL/min

Answer 9

Loop diuretics

Question 10

Which loop diuretic is not a sulfonamide?

Answer 10

Ethacrynic acid

Question 11

Potassium sparing diuretics MOA

Answer 11

Interferes with sodium/potassium active transport exchange in the distal tubule, cortical collecting tubules and collecting duct by inhibiting Na/K ATPase

Question 12

MRAs MOA

Answer 12

Competes with aldosterone for receptor sites in
distal renal tubules