Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease (ASCVD)

Question 1

Elevation of _______ is the strongest correlation to the development of ASCVD

Answer 1

LDL

Question 2

What is plaque?

Answer 2

Fatty deposits made up of cholesterol, fatty substances, cellular waste products, calcium and fibrin

Question 3

True or false: Atherosclerosis is a fast, progressive disease that may start in childhood

Answer 3

False. Slow and progressive

Question 4

ASCVD is the leading cause of ________ and ________ globally

Answer 4

Morbidity and mortality

Question 5

Define primary prevention of ASCVD

Answer 5

Preventing a first event in a patient who has never experienced an CV event

Question 6

Define secondary prevention of ASCVD

Answer 6

Preventing an event in a patient who has already experienced at least one event

Question 7

Which of the following is not a recommended tip for the prevention of ASCVD?
a. Avoid tobacco use
b. Address only pharmacological treatments
c. Promote a healthy lifestyle
d. Improve diet

Answer 7

b. Address only pharmacological treatments

Question 8

Patients with which 3 disease states generally have a greater risk of developing ASCVD?

Answer 8

. HTN
. Diabetes
. Hyperlipidemia

Question 9

What is a team base care approach and how does it apply to the management of ASCVD?

Answer 9

Use of multidisciplinary health professionals to improve the quality and maintenance of ASCVD prevention

Question 10

True or false: Social Determinants of Health are strong determinants of CVD risk internationally

Answer 10

True

Question 11

What are the 5 domains of social determinants assessed when screening for ASCVD?

Answer 11

. Housing instability
. Food insecurity
. Transportation difficulties
. Utility assistance needs
. Interpersonal safety

Question 12

What age group should be routinely assessed for CV risk using the pooled cohort equation?
a. 18 and older
b. 30-60 years old
c. 40-75 years old
d. 60 and older

Answer 12

c. 40-75 years old

Question 13

What are the defined parameters (cutoffs) of borderline ASCVD risk?

Answer 13

5% to < 7.5%

Question 14

What are the defined parameters (cutoffs) of intermediate ASCVD risk?

Answer 14

≥ 7.5% to < 20%

Question 15

What is the DASH diet and and what is its purpose in the treatment of ASCVD?

Answer 15

DASH means Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension. It lowers blood pressure and LDL

Question 16

What is the recommended amount of daily exercise for adults?

Answer 16

150 min/week of moderate exercise or 75 min/week of vigorous exercise

Question 17

True or false: Pharmacotherapy for T2DM is recommended to improve glycemic control but no to reduce CVD risk

Answer 17

False. Proper glycemic control can help reduce CVD risk

Question 18

What parameters define high blood pressure in terms of both ASCVD risk score and BP readings?

Answer 18

. 10 yr ASCVD risk ≥ 10% and BP ≥ 130/80 mmHg
. 10-year ASCVD risk < 10% and BP ≥ 140/90 mmHg

Question 19

True or false: Tobacco use is the leading preventable cause of disease, disability, and death in the United States

Answer 19

True

Question 20

In what groups should aspirin be avoided as a primary prevention for ASCVD?

Answer 20

. > 70 years old
. Those at an increased bleeding risk