Hyperprolactinaemia Flashcards
What is Prolactin?
Peptide gonadotropic hormone
What is prolactin released by?
Anterior pituitary
What does prolactin cause?
Growth of mammary glands and lactation in females
What is the normal amount of prolactin?
25ng/ml
What are the main causes of hyperprolactinaemia?
- Pituitary adenoma
- Prolactinoma
- Hypothyroidism
- Chronis renal disease
What are the drug causes of hyperprolactinaemia?
- Dopamine receptor antagonists: Risperidone, Haloperidone
- Dopamine antagonist: metoclopramide
- Dopamine depleting agents: Methyldopa
- Ant-psychotics
What are the names of the drugs that can cause hyperprolactinaemia?
Risperidone Haloperidone Metoclopramide Methyldopa Ant-psychotics
What are the physiological causes of hyperprolactinaemia?
- Stress
- Pregnancy
- Nipple stimulation
How does hyperprolactinaemia present in women?
Amenorrhoea Oligomenorrhea Galactorrhoea Infertility Weight gain
How does hyperprolactinaemia present in men?
Headaches
Visual disturbance
Erectile dysfunction
How is hyperprolactinaemia diagnosed?
Prolactin levels should be 5 times the normal
What is the management of hyperprolactinaemia?
Dopamine agonist
• Bromocriptine
• Cabergoline
What is hyperprolactinaemia caused by?
Sheehan’s syndrome
What does hyperprolactinaemia cause?
Ischaemic necrosis of the pituitary gland
