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ENDO > Hyperkalemia > Flashcards

Hyperkalemia Flashcards

1
Q

What defines hyperkalemia

A

Above 5.5mmol/L

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2
Q

What are the causes of Hyperkalemia due to increased renal excretion

A 
AKI
DKA
Drugs
Hypoaldosteronism
Addison's
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3
Q

What drugs can cause hyperkalemia

A

ACE inhibitor
NSAID
Spiranolactone
Trimethoprim (blocks sodium channels)

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4
Q

What causes hyperkalemia due to increased cellular secretion

A

Lactic Acid
Insulin deficiency
Rhamdomyolysis
Tumour lysis

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5
Q

What can cause pseuodohypekalemia

A

Haemolysis
EDTA Contamination
Thrombocytopenia

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6
Q

What are the ECG changes on hyperkalemia

A 
Tall T
Petite P (Flat)
Long PR
Wide QRS
Ventricular fibrillation
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7
Q

What is the management for Hyperkalemia

A

Calcium Gluconate (cardioprotective)
IV Insulin with Dextrose
Salbutomol (Intracellular K+ Shift)

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8
Q

What are the presentations of Hyperkalemia

A

Fast irregular pulse

Myalgia

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9
Q

What is the pathology of hyperkalemia

A

High K = Decrease action potential threshold = early depolarisation = abnormal rhythm

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ENDO (24 decks)

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