Hormones Flashcards
What hormones are released by the anterior pituitary
FSH and LH ACTH GH TSH Prolactin
What is the precursor of FSH and LH and what secretes it
GnRH
Secreted by the gonads
What is the precursor of ACTH and its secretion
CRH
Secreted as cortisol from Adrenal gland
What is the precursor of GH (Somatotropin)
GHRH
What is the precursor of TSH and its secretion
TRH
Secreted by the thyroid as T3 and T4
What is the precursor of Prolactin
Dopamine
What is the function of FSH and LH
Germ cell development and hormone secretion
What is the function of ACTH
To release cortisol
What is the function of GH/Somatotropin
Stimulate IGF-1 production
What is the function of TSH
Release T3 and T4
What is the function of Prolactin
Milk production and bread development
What are the main complications of pituitary adenomas
Press on structures such as optic chasm
Hypopituitism
Hyperpituitism
What is the main function of insulin
Increase peripheral uptake of glucose
Glucose to glycogen
What is the mechanism of Insulin and how is it initiated
Glucose binds to GLUT2 receptor of pancreatic B cells = Insulin release
Insulin binds to Peripheral receptors = Activate tyrosine Kinase
GLUT4 channel increase expression = increased peripheral uptake
What two receptors are essential for insulin and glucose uptake
GLUT2 - Glucose binding
GLUT4 - Peripheral uptake
When should patients be treated with IM Glucagon
Unresponsive Hypoglycemia
What two molecules bind with Thyroglobulin to produce steroids
T3 and T4
What two hormones are secreted by the Posterior Pituitary
Oxytocin by Paraventricular
Vasopressin by suprorbital
What is the function of Oxytocin
Induce labour and eject milk
What is the function of Vasopressin
Reacts to low BP and stress
- Vasoconstriction
- Increase Aldosterone
- Increase APO 2
What are the main functions of cortisol
Increase protein/carb breakdown Increase BP Suppress immune system Increase Osteoclast activity increase insulin resistance
What are the 4 layers of the adrenal gland
Zona Glomerulosa
Zona Fasciculata
Zona Reticularis
Adrenal Medulla
Where is Aldosterone secreted from
Zona Glomerulosa
Where is Cortisol secreted from
Zonal Fasciculata
Where is Andogen/Sex hormones secretd from
Zona reticularis
Where is NAd and Add secreted from
Adrenal Medulla
