Carcinoid Syndrome and Tumours

Question 1

What are carcinoid tumours

Answer 1

Enterochromaffin malignant tumours producing Seretonin (5HT)

Question 2

What do enterchromaffin cells produce

Answer 2

5HT/Seretonin

Question 3

Where do carcinoid tumours occur

Answer 3

Appendix and terminal ileum

Question 4

What is the difference between carcinoid tumour and syndrome

Answer 4

Tumour = asymptomatic neoplastic cells
Syndrome = Symptomatic lung Metastases

Question 5

Where do carcinoid tumours metastasise to in order to become Carcinoid syndrome

Answer 5

Lung

Question 6

What are the symptoms of carcinoid

Answer 6

Flushing
Diarrhoea
Tricuspid valve lesion
RUQ and Resp problems

Question 7

How is carcinoid diagnosed

Answer 7

Liver US (Shows metastases)
Increased 5HIAA in urine
CT/MRI (Imaging of tumour)

Question 8

What is 5HIAA and where is it found

Answer 8

5HT metabolite found in urine

Question 9

How is Carcinoid treated

Answer 9

Surgical excision

Octeotride (block tumour hormone)

Question 10

What is the main complication of Carcinoid tumours

Answer 10

Carcinoid Crisis (fatal)

Question 11

How is CARCINOID CRISIS treated

Answer 11

Octeotride (SST analogue)

Question 12

What is SST and what is an analogue of it

Answer 12

SST - Somatostatin

SST Analogue = Octeotride