Hydration

Question 1

How much fluid should an older adult ingest per day?

Answer 1

2.7-3.7L per day

Question 2

Define dehydration

Answer 2

insufficient fluid intake indicated by elevated serum osmolality and undermines the health of older people

Question 3

Dehydration is a risk factor for what?

Answer 3

delirium, thromboembolic complications, infections, kidney stones, constipation, obstipation, falls, medication toxicity, renal failure, seizures, etc.

Question 4

What are some of the interventions for dehydration?

Answer 4

hypodermoclysis, IV, encouraging oral intake of fluids

Question 5

What does ongoing management of oral intake for dehydration look like?

Answer 5

1. calculate daily fluid goal
2. compare the person’s current intake to the amount calculated to evaluate hydration
3. provide fluids consistently throughout the day
4. plan for at-risk individuals
   5.perform fluid regulation and documentation

Question 6

What does normal bladder function require? (5 things)

Question 7

At what volume does it become hard to control the urge to void?

Answer 7

> 500mL

Question 8

What is hydration management?

Answer 8

the maintenance of an adequate fluid balance, which prevents complications resulting from abnormal or undesirable fluid levels

Question 9

What is required of the body for normal bladder function?

Answer 9

-intact CNS
-competent lower urinary tract function
-motivation to maintain continence
-functional ability to recognize voiding signals and use toilet
-environment that facilitates the process

Question 10

Define micturition

Answer 10

the act of urination

Question 11

Define urinary incontinence

Answer 11

the involuntary loss of urine

Question 12

What are the classifications of incontinence?

Answer 12

Transient (acute) and established (chronic)

Question 13

Define transient incontinence

Answer 13

urinary incontinence that has a sudden onset, is present for 6 months or less and is usually caused by treatable factors, such as UTIs, delirium, increased urine production from metabolic conditions like hyperglycemia

Question 14

What are the sub-categories of Established UI?

Answer 14

urge incontinence– an urgent need to go and an inability to suppress the need to go

stress incontinence– loss of small amounts during actions that increase the intra-abdominal pressure, such as sneezing

functional incontinence– unable to reach toilet because of environmental, physical or cognitive impairment

mixed incontinence– combination of more than one type of UI (usually stress and urge)

Question 15

What are some interventions for behaviours leading to incontinence?

Answer 15

scheduled voiding, prompted voiding, bladder training, biofeedback, vaginal weight training, and pelvic floor muscle exercises