humanistic approaches Flashcards
humanism philosophy involves that we have…
natural potential that we can actualize
according to humanism philosophy, the problem is
not being your true self
within existentialism philosophy, there are
human limitations and realities
the problem within existentialism is
failing to create meaning in life
humanism and existentialism both involve
freedom, responsibility, phenomenology, here and now, conscious awareness
Abraham Maslow viewed humanism as a
Third force in psychology
Maslow types of motivation
deficiency and growth
Maslow’s hierarchy of human needs
- self actualization 2. esteem needs 3. love and belongingness needs 4. safety needs 5. physiological needs
Carl Rogers
client centered therapy
Natalie Rogers
person centered expressive arts therapy
Carl Rogers view of humanity
fundamentally good, actualizing tendency leads to productive life
Actualizing tendency
single basic motivating drive
Organismic Valuing
central to notion of true or unique self, weighing of experiences and placing value based on ability to satisfy organism
the organismic valuing is based on the
individual’s phenomenal field, subjective experience/frame of reference
the organismic valuing is efficient and soundly based in infancy
and experiences that maintain actualization is preferred
according to humanism,
we are experts on ourselves
non conscious organismic functioning is right below the process of
awareness
self/self concept is constructed based on
qualities you perceive yourself to have, ideal self, relationships perceived between self and others, values attached to characteristics, I myself me
flexibility of self concept
is shaped by socialization
conditions of worth
need for positive regard, which can be unconditional or conditional, valued for who you are no matter what you do instead of valued for doing what others want you to do
rely on conditional regard leads to
introject conditions of worth, as a secondary valuing process where you lose touch with organismic valuing, which leads to develop conditional positive self regard
the conditions of worth overlaps with
Freudian notion of super ego
having unconditional self regard leads to being
fully functioning
having a conditional self regard leads to having a
maladjusted state
incongruence between self concept and experience leads to
defensiveness, denial/distortion and can lead to neurotic behaviors
experiencing accurately symbolized in awareness leads to
reached consciousness, instead of psychotic behaviors
humanistic goal of therapy
rejects medical model, not set by therapist, assists clients in growth process and allows them to become increasingly actualized
with client centered therapy, there are
no specific techniques, emphasis on client and therapist relationship, providing conditions required to allow change because of actualizing tendency
necessary and sufficient conditions within humanist centered therapy
congruent client and therapist relationship where the therapist experiences unconditional positive regard for client and experiences an empathetic understanding of client’s frame of reference
core attitudinal conditions
congruence, unconditional positive regard, empathy
congruence as an attitudinal condition
genuineness, openness, authenticity, not playing roles or putting on professional facades
unconditional positive regard as a core attitudinal conditions
spontaneous prizing of client
empathy as a core attitudinal conditions
understand client’s feelings and experiences, internal frame of reference
within person centered therapy, actualizing tendency
cannot be directly observed
person centered therapy has an…
overly optimistic view of human nature
oftentimes person centered therapy concepts are seen as too
vague and unsuitable for testing
there are less __________ evaluating person centered therapy…
research interest; than other approaches in recent years
with person centered therapy, there are issues from a…
diversity perspective
person centered therapy places emphasis on
research, empathy, self concept
