Human Reproductive System

Question 1

what are sperm

Answer 1

male gametes

Question 2

what is the urethra (male)?

Answer 2

a tube which carries sperm through the penis during ejaculation (urine also passes through to exit the body)

Question 3

erectile tissue

Answer 3

swells when filled with blood to make the penis erect

Question 4

what are the testes?

Answer 4

where sperm are made. they are suspended in the scrotum

Question 5

glands

Answer 5

produce the liquid that’s added to sperm to make semen

Question 6

sperm duct

Answer 6

muscular tube that carries sperm from the testes towards the urethra

Question 7

scrotum

Answer 7

loose sac of skin containing the testes. holds testes outside the abdominal cavity + provides suitable temp for sperm production

Question 8

epididymis

Answer 8

where sperm are stored. they gain mobility over a period of 18 hrs

Question 9

where are sperm produced

Answer 9

the testes

Question 10

how are sperm formed

Answer 10

meiosis

Question 11

is a sperm cell haploid or diploid

Answer 11

HAPLOID (n) (contains half the number of chromosomes than other body cells)

Question 12

how long does sperm production take

Answer 12

8-9 weeks

Question 13

what is the optimum temperature for sperm production

Answer 13

35°C

Question 14

where do the sperm go once produced

Answer 14

the epididymis, where they develop the ability to swim

Question 15

what does oestrogen in women cause ( secondary sexual characteristics)

Answer 15

• extra hair on underarms and pubic area
• hips widen
• development of breasts
• ovum release and start of periods

Question 16

what does testosterone in men cause ( secondary sexual characteristics)

Answer 16

• extra hair on face and body
• muscles develop
• penis and testicles develop
• sperm production
• deepening of voice

Question 17

what are ova

Answer 17

egg. female gametes

Question 18

how often are ovum produced

Answer 18

every 28 days from one of the 2 ovaries

Question 19

what happens if an ova isn’t fertilised

Answer 19

it breaks up and passes out of the vagina

Question 20

what happens when an ova is fertilised?

Answer 20

• the ovum starts to divide.
• the new cells will travel down the fallopian tube to the uterus and attach to the endometrium.
• a fertilised ovum develops into an embryo

Question 21

what is the ovary?

Answer 21

the organ that produces ova and sex hormones

Question 22

oviducts

Answer 22

connects ovary to uterus. lined with ciliated cells which waft an egg cell released monthly from ovary to uterus

Question 23

uterus

Answer 23

• muscular and expandable.

- embryo embeds into soft lining and develops into foetus until born

Question 24

cervix

Answer 24

ring of muscle at base of uterus. separates uterus and vagina and helps to keep baby in uterus during pregnancy

Question 25

vagina

Answer 25

- muscular tube leading from cervix to outside of body. - male penis enters here. - opening to vagina has folds of skin (labia) that meet to form a vulva

Question 26

when does ova production begin

Answer 26

the ovaries of the foetus before birth

Question 27

what are ovum formed by

Answer 27

meiosis

Question 28

are ova haploid or diploid?

Answer 28

haploid (n)

Question 29

what is ovulation

Answer 29

when an ova matures and is released into an oviduct each month, it’s controlled by a number of hormones.