HUMAN MICROORGANISM INTERACTION

Question 1

evidence of disease that is experienced or perceived; changes in the body function noted by patient but not apparent to an observer

Answer 1

Symptoms (Subjective)

Question 2

evidence of a disease the physician can observe and measure

Answer 2

Sign (Objective)

Question 3

a specific group of signs and symptoms that accompany a particular disease.

Answer 3

Syndrome

Question 4

number of people in a population who develop a disease during a particular time period.

Answer 4

Incidence

Question 5

number of people in a population who develop a disease regardless of when it first appeared (both old and new cases)

Answer 5

Prevalence

Question 6

impairment in the performance of vital function

Answer 6

Disease

Question 7

A disease that is caused by the GROWTH of pathogen

Answer 7

Infectious disease

Question 8

Name 5 causes of disease

Answer 8

1. Infectious disease
2. Malfunction of an organe.g. hyperthyroidism
3. Vitamin deficiency - e.g. scurvy
4. caused by allergic response-e.g. asthma
5. caused by uncontrolled cell growth-e.g. cancer

Question 9

Classification of infectious diseases

Answer 9

1. Based on behavior within the host;
2. Based on occurrence of disease
3. Based on severity or duration of disease
4. Based on extent of affected host’s body;
5. Based on state of host’s resistance

Question 10

2 Classification of infectious diseases based on the behavior within the host

Answer 10

1. Communicable disease

2. Non-communicable disease

Question 11

Direct or indirect transmission of disease from one host to another

Answer 11

Communicable disease

Question 12

A communicable disease that is easily transmitted from one person to another e.g. droplet infection in common cold and influenza

Answer 12

Contagious disease

Question 13

Classification of infectious diseases that do not spread from one host/ person to another

Answer 13

Non-communicable disease

Question 14

4 Classification of infectious diseases based on occurrence of disease

Answer 14

1. Sporadic disease
2. Endemic disease
3. Epidemic disease
4. Pandemic disease

Question 15

Diseases that occur only occasionally

Answer 15

Sporadic disease

Question 16

These diseases are controlled as a result of immunization and sanitation procedures (nonendemic) e.g. botulism, tetanus, diphtheria

Answer 16

Sporadic disease

Question 17

A disease that is constantly present in a population or community usually involving only few people.

Answer 17

Endemic disease

Question 18

A disease that is greater than the normal number of cases in an area within a short period of time

Answer 18

Epidemic disease

Question 19

A worldwide epidemic of a specific disease e.g. AIDS, influenza

Answer 19

Pandemic disease

Question 20

4 Classification of infectious diseases based on severity or duration of disease

Answer 20

1. Acute disease
2. Chronic disease
3. Subacute disease
4. Latent disease

Question 21

A disease that develops rapidly (rapid onset) but lasts only a short time e.g. measles

Answer 21

Acute disease

Question 22

A disease that develops more slowly (insidious onset); disease is likely to be continual or recurrent for long periods e.g. TB, leprosy

Answer 22

Chronic disease

Question 23

A disease that is an intermediate between acute and chronic e.g. bacterial endocarditis

Answer 23

Subacute disease

Question 24

A disease where that causative agent remains inactive for a time but then becomes active to produce symptoms of the disease. e.g. shingles

Answer 24

Latent disease

Question 25

3 Classification of infectious diseases based on extent of affected host’s body

Answer 25

1. Local infection
2. Generalized (Systemic) infection
3. Focal infection