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Geograghy > Human: Case Studies > Flashcards

Human: Case Studies Flashcards

1
Q

Tourist World: Butler Model?

A

Blackpool, UK

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2
Q

Tourist World: Impacts of tourism?

A

Zanzibar, Africa
Dubai, Middle east
Malham Yorkshire
Machu Picchu Peru

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3
Q

Tourist World: Social effects of tourism in Malham?

A
  • Demand for local services.
  • The bus services to local towns of Skipton are more frequent.
  • National trust runs shuttle bus, cost just £2. Releases pressure of parking at Malham. Prevents congestion.
  • If there is no park cars people would be able to walk down the road instead of the path and not erode the grass.
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4
Q

Tourist World: Economic effects effects of tourism in Malham?

A
  • 55 percent of houses are used for holiday purposes.
  • House prices have gone up dramatically because of people wanting secondary housing.
  • 15% higher then properties in other Yorkshire areas.
  • farmers open farms and charge people £10 a night to camp there and offers parking for £3.
  • the cove center is a cafe that offers employment for people who are looking for jobs. However is seasonal and poorly paid.
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5
Q

Tourist World: environmental effects effects of tourism in Malham?

A
  • 1994 saw the opening of open areas and additional footpaths.
  • Countryside stewardship scheme in partnership with local farmers and land owners means that locals and tourists have more right to explore the local area.
  • However people do not stay on the foot path causing erosion.
  • Dales National Park, protected area of land which restricts development.
  • Very popular 75,000 to 100,000 visits per year.
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6
Q

Tourist World: Eco-tourism?

A

Gambia Africa.

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7
Q

Settlement: Change in settlement function?

A

London Docklands

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8
Q

Settlement: Docklands: Why did the settlement need to change?

A
  • Decline of area occurred in late 60s / early 70s.
  • Other new ports on the south east coast such as Dover / Margate opened - London Docklands became less important.
  • Did not keep up with technology.
  • The decline in the docklands lead to over 30,000 dockside job losses.
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9
Q

Settlement: Docklands: What was done to change the settlement?

A
  • Government and private investment
  • Attracted new industry - newspapers / banks etc…
  • New housing built to replace old terraces
  • Mix of renovation and modern housing
  • Airport built
  • Transport links improved
  • Arena built
  • Parks put in place
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10
Q

Settlement: Docklands: The effects of the changes to London Docklands?

A

Greater benefit to the wealthier than the not so rich inhabitants
New jobs taken up by skilled and educated (“city jobs” relocated)
Housing more expensive
Original locals find it hard to stay because of changes

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11
Q

Settlements: Counter urbanization?

A

Austrey in Warwickshire

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12
Q

Settlements: Depopulation of remote rural areas?

A

devon, and Cornwall.

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13
Q

Settlements: Land use change from Deindustrialisation

A

Norwich

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14
Q

Settlements: Brownfield sites?

A

Norwich

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15
Q

Settlements: Greenfield sites?

A

Bracknell

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16
Q

Settlements: Gated Communities?

A

Florida, Trinity West.

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17
Q

Settlements: Rapid growth of LIC Urban areas?

A

Cairo, Egypt

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18
Q

Economic Change: Employment patterns Decline in the primary sector?

A

UK

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19
Q

Economic Change: Decline in the Secondary sector?

A

UK

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20
Q

Economic Change: Growth in Secondary industry?

A

China

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21
Q

Economic Change: Growth in Tertiary sector?

A

UK

22
Q

Economic Change: Primary Industry, Kaolin extraction?

A

China Clay

23
Q

Economic Change: Secondary industry - Toyota car factory?

A

Toyota Derby

24
Q

Economic Change: Tertiary industry, David Lloyd health club?

A

UK

25
Q

Economic Change: Rural de-industrialization?

A

South Wales
Reading Berkshire
Eden Project Cornwall.

26
Q

Economic change: Reasons for the decline in numbers employed in the primary sector: Depletion of resources?

A

Depletion of Resources
- Coal production dropped 270 million tonnes in last 100 years. People working in coal industry dropped from 1m to 5,500. Supplies becoming inaccessible

27
Q

Economic change: Reasons for the decline in numbers employed in the primary sector: Cheap imports?

A

Cheap Imports.
Cheaper to import raw materials from abroad. The materials that are left are buried deep underground and are expensive to mine for. Port Talbot Steel works now gets its coal from Russia and Iron Ore from Norway. These materials used to be mind in south Wales.

28
Q

Economic change: Reasons for the decline in numbers employed in the primary sector: Mechanisation?

A

Mechanization
Improvements in technologies have lead to large amounts of UK industry being take over my machines. Machinery is now better, 1 man can plough 10 hectares in a day.

29
Q

Economic change: Reasons for the decline in numbers employed in the primary sector: Social change?

A

Social Change:
Change in attitudes towards primary jobs. The jobs are often seen to be dirty, poorly paid and have low job prospects. Office jobs tend to be looked at as less physically demanding. Also based in urban areas where facilities are better and so are the living conditions.

30
Q

Gated Communities

A
  • In its modern form, a gated community is a form of residential community or housing estate containing strictly controlled entrances for pedestrians, bicycles, and automobiles, and often characterized by a closed perimeter of walls and fences. Gated communities usually consist of small residential streets and include various shared amenities.
  • Trinity West, one of the few gated subdivisions in Trinity, Florida, U.S.
31
Q

Settlement: Reasons for rapid growth in LICs (Cairo)?

A

1) The migration from rural to urban areas.

2) The high natural increase in population.

32
Q

Settlements: Reason 1) The migration from rural to urban areas, Causes?

A
  • lack of jobs in rural areas population growth and mechanization.
  • salaries, lower in rural areas.
  • The development of TNCs and other industry providing jobs in urban areas.
  • The perception of a better life, including education.
33
Q

Settlements: Reason 2) The high natural increase in population, Causes?

A
  • The youth of the migrants - many of them are of child bearing age.
  • Better medical facilities, infant mortality lower in urban areas.
  • Higher life expectancy and better living conditions
  • The lack of contraception, or little knowledge about it.
34
Q

Settlements: Info about Cairo?

A
  • one of the most popular urban areas in the world.
  • population grows by 500,000 a year.
  • Cairo’s life expectancy has gone up from 41 years in 1960 to 70 years in 2010.
  • ## population density 30,000 people per square kilometre.
35
Q

Settlements: Cairo noise pollution.

A
  • millions of vehicles, Muslims calling to prayer and nightclubs on the River Nile cause many problems for the local residents.
  • The noise is well above acceptable levels according to the world health organisation.
  • it is particularly bad in the Saraya al Gezira district
36
Q

Settlements: Cairo air-pollution.

A
  • it is predicted that half 1 million of Cairo’s residence will develop serious health problems which will result in premature death.
  • in the industrial area of Shoubre el kheima, where many of the poor live close to work 37% of the resident suffer from lung problems.
37
Q

Settlements: Cairo air pollution effects on children

A
  • The sun is blocked by the fog which causes vitamin d deficiency.
  • the lead concentrations in the air from the lead smelters cause a loss of intelligence and average of four IQ points.
  • The lead concentration in the air has also caused an 80% rise in tooth decay.
38
Q

Settlements: Cairo: Land pollution.

A
  • The huge population produces the 10,000 tonnes of solid waste per day.
  • only 60% is collected. The rest is left to rot in the drains, canals and streets
  • there are many vermin that carry many diseases. These diseases can easily infect the habitants of Helwan.
  • there are large toxic stockpiles of hazardous waste as much as 15,000 tonnes that has accumulated from industry in Helwan.
39
Q

Settlements: Cairo water pollution.

A
  • Domestic and industrial waste are dumped in streams and I will irrigation canals around Cairo that are filled with plastic bags full of solid waste.
  • 80% of industrial waste water is discharged untreated to the Nile. This can be as much is 2,500,000 L a day.
  • Shoubra el Kheima District to the north of the city discharges its waste water straight into the drains which are already heavily polluted and flow into the Mediterranean Sea.
  • 23% of the population of Cairo does not have access to fresh water.
  • 25% of the population is not connected to the public sewage system.
  • 15% of the sewage is treated properly.
40
Q

Settlement: Cairo positive effects of rapid growth.

A
  • large pool of workers. Cairo is never short of people willing to do low-paid jobs.
  • Jobs involve people working in dirty environments doing jobs most of the population do not want to do.
  • Zaballen are a tribe of people who collect and recycle waste.
  • The purchasing power of such a large population allows the economy to grow faster. This leads to an expansion in the manufacturing and retail sectors.
41
Q

Settlements: Cairo housing problems.

A
  • approximately 60% of carios population live in shanty type dwellings.
  • One of the most famous is the city of the dead or Arafa as it is called by the local residents one of five cemeteries which are used on the outskirts of the city.
  • 4 mile long cemetery in eastern Cairo where people live and work amongst the dead ancestors.
  • people live here illegally as it gives them shelter and they have nowhere else to go.
  • The government provides some electricity and water but there’s no connection to the sewage system.
  • The population of the city of the dead is estimated at between 30,000 to 1,000,000 people.
42
Q

Settlements: Counter-urbanisation, Warwickshire: people?

A
  • People moved out of Birmingham and the local town of Tamworth into the village during the 1970s.
  • This cased a growth in population from 300 in 1961 to 1000 in 2001.
43
Q

Settlements: Counter-urbanisation, Warwickshire: effects?

A
  • Environment changed as a number of new housing estates were built. Examples Elms Drive on old farm land.
  • there used to be 18 farms but now there is only 2. The Village has lost some of its original character.
  • The school have opened a new site with 120 children on roll. Compared to 1961 there were 16 children.
  • the local pub ‘The Bird in the Hand’ is thriving and has become a meeting point for the local community.
  • many people travel into Birmingham to get supplies instead of using the village shop.
44
Q

The depopulation of remote rural areas: demographic changes?

A
  • Young adults leave the area which means that there are fewer young children and the population will develop an older structure.
45
Q

The depopulation of remote rural areas: economic changes?

A
  • as the population becomes older there is less money going into the running of public services such as waste treatment and the water causing problems for the local council.
  • The economy shrinks as there is less money going in because fewer people are living at the economically active age.
46
Q

The depopulation of remote rural areas: environmental change?

A
  • some remote rural areas are showing signs of neglect such as derelict buildings which can be unappealing.
  • however wildlife benefits as there is a decrease in population.
47
Q

The depopulation of remote rural areas: Social changes?

A
  • The movement out of remote rural area has meant that the population that remain have seen a decline in service provisions.
  • in 2001 there were 600,000 people living in what can be classed as remote areas 45% of these people did not live within 4 km of a doctors surgery or a post office and were also without a bus service.
  • situation will continue to worsen as many post offices are closing in areas of the UK as they are non-profitable.
48
Q

The depopulation of remote rural areas: Cornwall?

A

25% of post offices are set to close while the country average for the UK is 18%.

49
Q

The depopulation of remote rural areas: Devon?

A

22% of the post office is all set to close one of the countries average is 18%.

50
Q

The depopulation of remote rural areas: Lake District?

A
  • The decline in rural services has also seen the closure of many primary schools such as Satterthwaite and Rusland School and Lowick School both near Ulverston in the lake district.

Geograghy (14 decks)

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