Human Behaviour In The Social Environment

Question 1

What are the 8 stages of the family life cycle?

Answer 1

1) family of origin experiences
2) leaving home
3) premarriage stage
4) childless couple stage
5) family with young children
6) family with adolescents
7) launching children
8) later family life

Question 2

What are the 5 stages of couple development?

Answer 2

1) romance
2) power struggle
3) stability
4) commitment
5) co-creation

Question 3

What is the defence mechanism of acting out?

Answer 3

Emotional conflict is dealt with through actions rather than feelings

Question 4

What is the defence mechanism of compensation?

Answer 4

Enables one to make up for real or fancied deficiencies

Question 5

What is the defence mechanism of conversion?

Answer 5

Repressed urge is expressed disguised as a disturbance of body functions, usually of the sensory, voluntary nervous system

Question 6

What is the defence mechanism of decompensation

Answer 6

Deterioration of existing defences

Question 7

What is the defence mechanism of denial?

Answer 7

Inability to acknowledge true significance of thoughts, feelings, wishes, behaviour, or external reality factors that are consciously intolerable

Question 8

What is the defence mechanism of devaluation?

Answer 8

Where the person attributes exaggerated negative qualities to self or other. (BPD)

Question 9

What is the defence mechanism of dissociation?

Answer 9

A process that allows a person to split mental functions I a manner that allows them to express forbidden or unconscious impulses without taking responsibility for the action (ie fugue states, amnesia, dissociative neurosis)

Question 10

What is the defence mechanism of displacement?

Answer 10

Directing a wish, impulse, or feeling toward a person or situation that is not its real object, thus permitting expression in a less threatening situation

Question 11

What is the defence mechanism of idealization?

Answer 11

Overestimation of an admired aspect or attribute of another

Question 12

What is the defence mechanism of identification?

Answer 12

Universal mechanism whereby a person patterns them self after a significant other. Plays a significant role in personality development, especially superego development

Question 13

What is the defence mechanism or identification of aggressor?

Answer 13

Mastering anxiety by identifying with a powerful aggressor to counteract feelings of helplessness and to feel powerful oneself. Usually involves behaving like an aggressor

Question 14

What is the defence mechanism of incorporation?

Answer 14

Primitive mechanism in which psychic representation of a person is (or parts are) figuratively ingested

Question 15

What is the defence mechanism of inhibition?

Answer 15

Loss of motivation to engage in (usually pleasurable) activity, avoided because it might stir up conflict over forbidden impulses (writing, learning, social shyness)

Question 16

What is the defence mechanism of introjection?

Answer 16

Loved or hated external objects are symbolically absorbed within self (converge of projection-eg. in severe depression, unconscious, unacceptable hatred is turned toward self)

Question 17

What is the defence mechanism of intellectualization?

Answer 17

Where the person avoids uncomfortable emotions by focusing on facts and logic. Emotional aspects are completely ignored as irrelevant. Jargon often used.

Question 18

What is the defence mechanism of isolation of affect?

Answer 18

Unacceptable impulse, idea, or act is separated from its original memory source, thereby removing the original charge associated with it

Question 19

What is the defence mechanism of projection?

Answer 19

Primitive defence-attributing ones disowned attitudes, wishes, feelings, and urges to some external object or person

Question 20

What is the defence mechanism of projective identification?

Answer 20

A form of projection utilized by persons with BPD, unconsciously perceiving others behaviour as a reflection of ones own identity

Question 21

What is the defence mechanism of rationalization?

Answer 21

Third line of defence-not unconscious. Giving believable explanation for irrational behaviour, motivated by unacceptable unconscious wishes or by defences used to cope with such wishes

Question 22

What is the defence mechanism of reaction formation?

Answer 22

Person adopts affects, ideas, attitudes, or behaviours they are opposites of those they harbour consciously or unconsciously (eg being excessively sweet to mask unconscious anger)

Question 23

What is the defence mechanism of regression?

Answer 23

Partial or symbolic return to more infantile patterns of reacting or thinking. Can be in service of ego

Question 24

What is the defence mechanism of repression

Answer 24

Key mechanism, expressed clinically by amnesia or symptomatic forgetting serving to banish unacceptable ideas, fantasies, affects or impulses from consciousness

Question 25

What is the defence mechanism of splitting?

Answer 25

Associated with BPD in which a person perceives self and other as all good or all bad. Serves to protect good objects. Person can’t integrate the good and bad in people

Question 26

What is the defence mechanism of sublimation

Answer 26

Potentially maladaptive feelings or behaviours diverted into socially acceptable, adaptable channels (eg a person who has angry feelings channels then into athletics)

Question 27

What is the defence mechanism of substitution?

Answer 27

Unattainable or unacceptable goal, emotion, or object is replaced by one more attainable or acceptable

Question 28

What is the defence mechanism of symbolization?

Answer 28

A mental representation stands for some other thing, class of things, or attribute. It can underlie dream formation, or other symptoms with a link between patent meaning of symbol or symptom. Usually unconscious

Question 29

What is the defence mechanism of turning against self?

Answer 29

Defence to deflect hostile aggression or other unacceptable impulses from another to self

Question 30

What is the defence mechanism of undoing?

Answer 30

A person uses words or actions to symbolically reverse or negate unacceptable thoughts, feelings, or actions (eg. Excessive hand washing to deal with obsessive thoughts)

Question 31

What is role theory?

Answer 31

Examines how roles influence a wide array of psychological outcomes, including behaviour, attitudes, cognitions, and social interaction

Question 32

What is role ambiguity?

Answer 32

Lack of clarity of role

Question 33

What is role complementarity

Answer 33

The role is carried out in an expected way

Question 34

What is role discomplementarity?

Answer 34

The role expectations of others differ from ones own

Question 35

What is role reversal?

Answer 35

When two or more individuals switch roles

Question 36

What is role conflict

Answer 36

Incompatible or conflicting roles