Human anatomy - joints quiz before class

Question 1

Classify the joints by structure and function.

Answer 1

Function - amount of movement allowed
1 - synarthroses - no movement
2 - amphiarthroses - some movement
3 - diarthroses - freely movable
Structure - material attaching them to bone & presence/absence of cavity
1 - Fibrous
2 - Cartilaginous
3 - Synovial

Question 2

Describe the general structure of fibrous joints. Provide examples of the three types of fibrous joints.

Answer 2

General structure:

• bones are connected by dense regular connective tissue (fibrous)
• no joint cavity
• generally immovable or slightly movable

Three types:
1 - Sutures - ex: sutures in the skull
2 - Syndesmoses - ex: short - distal tibiofibular articulation ;long - interosseus membrane between radius and ulna
3 - Gomphoses - ex: articulation of a tooth with its socket

Question 3

Describe cartilaginous joints. Give examples of the two types.

Answer 3

Description:

• immobile to low mobility
• articulating bones are linked by cartilage
• no joint cavity
• two types: synchondroses and symphyses

Synchondroses - hyaline cartilage uniting the bones
- ex: epiphyseal plates
Symphyses - fibrocartilage
- ex: pubic symphysis

Question 4

Define each of the following terms:
- synarthrosis
- syndesmosis
-synchondrosis
Which of these terms is a functional classification of joints.

Answer 4

Synarthrosis - Functional classification of joints where the joints are immovable.

Syndesmosis - joint where the bones are connected exclusively by ligaments. Subcategory of fibrous joints.

Synchrodrosis - a joint where hyaline cartilage joins the bones. Subcategory of cartilaginous joints.

Question 5

What types of cartilage are found in the symphysis joint?

Name one location of this type of joint.

Answer 5

Both fibrocartilage (major component) and hyaline cartilage.
Hyaline cartilage is present in the form of articular cartilage on the bony surfaces to reduce friction.

Question 6

List the six features common to all synovial joints.

Answer 6

1 - articular cartilage
2 - joint cavity
3 - articular capsule
4 - synovial fluid
5 - Reinforcing ligaments
6 - Nerves and vessels

Question 7

How does an articular disk differ from articular cartilage?

Answer 7

dunno

Question 8

What are the functions of synovial fluid?

Answer 8

nourish cells of the articular cartilage and function as a lubricant to ease the movement at the joint.