Hulka: Clinical hernia lecture Flashcards
What are the benefits of making a midline incision through the linea alba?
It is the strongest area to close and causes minimal nerve injury
What layers of muscle does a transverse incision go through?
External and internal obliques, transversus abdominus, and possibly rectus muscles.
3 things to worry about if deciding to perform a laparoscopic surgery
prior abdominal surgery, emergency situation (too time consuming), and advanced pregnancy
What are the benefits of laparoscopic surgery?
Minimalist approach, small incisions, less change of hernias, quicker recovery
A weakness in the muscle allows an organ to bulge through it
Hernia
T/F: Hernias can be congenital or acquired
True
What is the most common type of hernia?
Inguinal (75%)
Does a hernia always need to be fixed?
In children, yes. In adults, can watch and wait a bit.
At what age do umbilical hernias usually close?
Age 2
Inferior aspect of the abdominal wall, above the fold of the leg
inguinal canal
A direct hernia goes through the (blank) portion of the inguinal canal, (blank) to the inferior epigastric artery, and through Hesselbach’s Triangle
medial; medial
An indirect hernia goes through the (blank) portion of the inguinal canal, usually through a patent processus vaginalis. These usually follow the descent of the testis.
lateral
The testes develop intra-abdominally while the fetus is in utero. They are referred to as (blank)
retroperitoneal
The testes descend thru the deep ring down the inguinal canal to the (blank)
scrotum
The testicle drags with it the (blank) which forms the tunica vaginalis
peritoneum
What is the communication between the abdomen and the scrotum? What does this become after birth?
Processus vaginalis; tunica vaginalis
The weak area created by the arching fibers of the inner abdominal muscles and their tendons is (blank) to the deep ring and found in the inguinal triangle.
medial
Three ways to fix inguinal hernias
Suture the muscles together
Mesh repair
Laparoscopic repair
When would an open repair be preferred over a laparoscopic repair?
Unilateral hernia, first time hernia, prior lower abdominal surgery
Where do femoral hernias occur?
Inferior to the inguinal ligament
What three ligaments border a femoral hernia?
inguinal; lacunar; pectineal
What two things can develop when the muscles do not fuse after the bowel extrudes from the abdomen during week 6-8 of gestation?
Gastroschisis or omphaloceles
What are abdominal wall defects caused by?
Who knows! Maybe the obliteration of the right umbilical artery…
