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Block 3 Week 1 Meg > Hulka: abd arteries stomach > Flashcards

Hulka: abd arteries stomach Flashcards

1
Q

Where does the abdominal aorta begin?

A

at the aortic hiatus; enters the diaphragm at T12-L1 vertebral level

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2
Q

Where does the abdominal aorta end?

A

Divides into 2 iliac arteries above the pelvis at L4-5

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3
Q

1st branch off of the aorta
Inferior to the diaphragm
Gives rise to adrenal artery and supplies the inferior surface of the diaphragm

A

Phrenic branches

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4
Q

1st mesenteric branch of aorta
At level T12
Has 3 branches

A

Celiac trunk

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5
Q

3 branches of the celiac trunk

A

left gastric
common hepatic artery
splenic artery

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6
Q

Exits the celiac trunk to the left and courses toward the right side of stomach
Provides blood supply to lower esophagus and lesser curvature of the stomach

A

Left gastric artery

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7
Q

The left gastric artery gives off (blank) branches

A

esophageal

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8
Q

Exits the celiac trunk to the right, courses behind stomach to the liver
Provides blood supply to the lower stomach, liver and duodenum

A

Common hepatic artery

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9
Q

The common hepatic artery further branches to give off what two arteries?

A

Gastroduodenal artery

Proper hepatic artery

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10
Q

Exits the celiac trunk to the left, courses behind stomach along the top of the pancreas to the spleen
Provides blood supply to the upper stomach, pancreas and spleen

A

Splenic artery

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11
Q

3 branches of splenic artery (PSL)

A

Pancreatic branches along superior portion of pancreas
Short gastric branches - to greater curvature of stomach
Left gastro-omental artery - greater curvature of stomach

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12
Q

Second mesenteric branch of abdominal aorta

Arises at about L1 vertebral level - usually directly behind pancreas

A

Superior mesenteric artery

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13
Q

Branch of SMA
Anterior and posterior arteries
Around C-loop of duodenum and head of pancreas
Provide blood supply to duodenum and head of pancreas

A

Inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries

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14
Q

Branch of SMA
Approximately 15-18 branches
Found within the mesentery of the bowel
Provide blood supply to small bowel

A

Jejunal and ileal arteries

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15
Q

Branch of SMA
Most distal branch anatomically of the SMA
Found within the mesentery of the bowel
Provide blood supply to the terminal ileum and cecum

A

ileocolic artery

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16
Q

Second colonic branch of the SMA anatomically
Found within the mesentery of the bowel
Provide blood supply to the right colon

A

Right colic artery

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17
Q

First colonic branch of the SMA anatomically
Last part of the colon whose blood supply provided by SMA
Found within the mesentery of the bowel
Provide blood supply to the transverse colon

A

Middle colic artery

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18
Q

Third mesenteric branch of abdominal aorta

Arises at approximately L3 vertebral level, inferior to renal arteries

A

Inferior mesenteric artery

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19
Q

First branch of the IMA
Found within the mesentery of the bowel
Provide blood supply to the left colon, from splenic flexure to sigmoid colon

A

Left colic artery

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20
Q

Second branch of the IMA
Found within the mesentery of the bowel
Provide blood supply to the sigmoid colon

A

Sigmoid branches

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21
Q

Terminal branch of the IMA
Found within the mesentery of the bowel
Provide blood supply to the superior rectum

A

Superior rectal branch

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22
Q

Areas of collateral circulation

A

Celiac axis to SMA
SMA to IMA
IMA to iliac arteries

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23
Q

Usually arise off aorta between SMA and IMA branches at approximately L2
Arterial supply to the kidneys
Usually single branches but may have up to three branches to each kidney

A

Renal arteries

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24
Q

Usually branches off aorta or less often the renal arteries
If branches off aorta, usually at L2 vertebral level
Arterial supply to the testicles/ovaries

A

Gonadal arteries

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25
Q

There are anterior and posterior branches to the lumbar spine and spinal cord
Arise off aorta at each lumbar vertebral level
Arterial supply to the musculature in back and to the spinal cord

A

Lumbar arteries

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26
Q

Supplies anterior and lateral abdominal wall
Passes around abdominal wall
Collateralizes to inferior epigastric artery in anterior abdominal wall

A

anterior branch of lumbar arteries

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27
Q

Supplies spinal cord, erector spinae muscles

A

posterior branches of lumbar arteries

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28
Q

Where does the IVC begin?

A

Where the common iliac veins meet, at the L5 level

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29
Q

The IVC ascends to the (blank) of the abdominal aorta

Runs (blank) to liver, through diaphragm into right atrum

A

right; posterior

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30
Q

Drains into the IVC from each kidney, usually one branch

A

Renal veins

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31
Q

The renal veins run (blank) to the renal arteries and arise at what level of the spinal cord?

A

anterior; L2

32
Q

The (blank) gonadal drains directly into the (blank) renal vein and the (blank) gonadal drains into the IVC
Usually at L2 level

A

left; left; right

33
Q

Three branches drain directly into the IVC along the superior aspect of the liver just below the diaphragm
Three branches are the right, middle and left

A

Hepatic veins

34
Q

Four to five paired branches from each vertebral level

A

lumbar veins

35
Q

The lumbar veins usually unite into the (blank)

A

Ascending lumbar vein

36
Q

Right ascending lumbar vein becomes the (blank); Left ascending lumbar vein becomes the (blank). They both enter the thorax and central circulation.

A

azygos vein

hemiazygos vein

37
Q

Venous draining from mesentery is cleared by the (blank) before entering systemic circulation

A

hepatic system

38
Q

3 veins that enter into the portal vein

A

splenic
superior mesenteric
inferior mesenteric

39
Q

Drains sigmoid and descending colon

Unites with splenic vein

A

inferior mesenteric vein

40
Q

Drains small bowel, right and transverse colon

Unites with splenic vein/IMV to form the portal vein

A

superior mesenteric vein

41
Q

Drains lower esophagus

A

esophageal veins

42
Q

Drains stomach

Drains into portal vein

A

gastric veins

43
Q

Cirrhosis of the liver can lead to (blank) pressure in the venous system, which leads to distention and ultimately (blank).

A

increased; portal hypertension

44
Q

How much can the stomach hold when fully distended?

A

2-3 L of fluid

45
Q

What is the name for the beginning of the stomach at the gastro-esophageal junction?

A

cardiac orifice

46
Q

Four portions of the stomach

A

Fundus
Body
Antrum
Pylorus

47
Q

Acid producing portion of stomach
From angular incisure (notch/indentation on lesser curve) to pyloric canal
Where the Vein of Mayo crosses the stomach

A

antrum

48
Q

Canal and sphincter - end of stomach

Thickened, circular muscle –> forms sphincter which controls gastric emptying

A

pylorus

49
Q

Hypertrophy of the pyloric muscle that causes a gastric outlet obstruction
Seen in infants 2 to 8 weeks old, boys more frequently than girls

A

pyloric stenosis

50
Q

What covers the upper stomach?

A

the left liver lobe

51
Q

What does the fundus of the stomach sit next to?

A

the diaphragm and spleen

52
Q

Where does the greater omentum attach to the stomach?

A

along the greater curvature

53
Q

What does the pancreas sit behind?

A

the stomach

54
Q

What is the area behind the stomach?

A

the lesser sac

55
Q

Enters the stomach along the lesser curvature in hepatogastric ligament (mesentery along the lesser curvature)
This supplies the upper stomach and lower esophagus

A

left gastric artery

56
Q

Branch of the proper hepatic artery
Enters the stomach along the lesser curvature in hepatogastric ligament (mesentery along the lesser curvature)
This supplies the antrum and pylorus

A

right gastric artery

57
Q

Branch of the gastroduodenal artery (branch of common hepatic artery)
Enters the stomach along the greater curvature
This supplies the greater curvature from antrum to mid body of stomach

A

Right gasto-omental artery

58
Q

Branches of the splenic artery
Enters the stomach along the greater curvature at the fundus and upper body in the gastrolienal ligament
This supplies the greater curvature from fundus to upper body of stomach

A

Short gastric arteries

59
Q

Branch of the splenic artery
Runs inferior to short gastric arteries and enters the stomach along the greater curvature at the fundus and upper body in the gastrolienal ligament.
This supplies the greater curvature from fundus to upper body of stomach

A

left gasto-omental artery

60
Q

Where do the right and left gastric veins drain?

A

portal vein

61
Q

Where does the right gastro-omental vein drain?

A

SMV

62
Q

Where does the left gastro-omental vein drain?

A

Splenic vein

63
Q

Where does the left gastric lymph node drain?

A

along the left gastric artery

64
Q

Where do the gastro-omental lymph nodes drain?

A

along the greater curvature

65
Q

Where do the pyloric lymph nodes drain?

A

Anterior surface of the pancreas, near pylorus

66
Q

All lymph nodes ultimately drain into (blank) lymph nodes and then to the (blank) and ultimately to the (blank)

A

celiac axis; cisterna chyle; thoracic duct

67
Q

Main nerve to stomach; specifically stimulates antrum to secrete acid

A

Vagus nerve

68
Q

Left vagus nerve becomes the (blank) vagal trunk at the stomach

A

anterior

69
Q

Right vagus nerve becomes the (blank) vagal trunk at the stomach

A

posterior

70
Q

What two vessels are ultimately responsible for collateral flow between the celiac trunk and the SMA?

A

superior and inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries

71
Q

What two vessels are essentially responsible for collateral flow between the SMA and IMA?

A

left colic and middle colic which becomes the marginal artery of Drummond and the Arc of Riolan

72
Q

What arteries are responsible for collateral flow between the IMA and the iliac arteries?

A

superior rectal and middle/inferior rectal arteries

73
Q

What are the boundaries of the “body” of the stomach?

A

cardiac orifice to the Vein of Mayo

74
Q

Trace the right gastro-omental artery back to the aorta.

A

Right gastro-omental–>gastroduodenal–>common hepatic artery–>celiac trunk–>aorta

75
Q

Trace the short gastric arteries back to the aorta.

A

Short gastric–>splenic–>celiac trunk–>aorta

76
Q

Trace the right gastric artery back to the aorta.

A

Right gastric–>proper hepatic–>common hepatic–>celiac trunk–>aorta

77
Q

Trace the left gastro-omental artery back to the aorta.

A

left gastro-omental–>splenic–>celiac trunk–>aorta

Block 3 Week 1 Meg (17 decks)

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