HUG vocab chap 10

Question 1

development

Answer 1

process of improving conditions of people through diffusion of knowledge and technology

Question 2

developed country

Answer 2

country that has progressed far on the continuum of development

Question 3

developing country

Answer 3

country in relatively early stage of development

Question 4

gross national income (GNI)

Answer 4

value of output of goods/services in 1 year, including money that leaves and enters the country

Question 5

purchasing power parity

Answer 5

adjustment made to GNI to account for differences in cost of goods among countries

Question 6

gross domestic product

Answer 6

value of output of goods and services produced in a country in 1 year

Question 7

literacy rate

Answer 7

percentage of country’s population that can read/write

Question 8

inequality adjusted human development index

Answer 8

a modification of the HDI to account for inequality among countries

Question 9

world systems theory

Answer 9

in an increasingly unified world economy, developed countries form inner core areas and developing countries are found on periphery and semiperiphery

Question 10

gender inequality index

Answer 10

measures gender gap in level of achievements in 3 dimensions (reproductive health, empowerment and labor force)

Question 11

gender development index

Answer 11

measures gender gap in level of achievement in HDI’s 3 dimensions (income, education, life expectancy)

Question 12

female labor force participation rate

Answer 12

percent of women holding full time jobs outside of home

Question 13

microfinance

Answer 13

provision of small loans and financial services to individuals and small businesses in developing countries

Question 14

structural adjustment program

Answer 14

economic policies put on LDCs by international agencies that create conditions to encourage national trade

Question 15

sustainable development goals

Answer 15

17 goals adopted by UN in 2015 to reduce disparities between developed and developing countries by 2030

Question 16

millennium development goals

Answer 16

8 goals adopted by UN in 2002 to reduce disparities between developing and developed countries by 2015

Question 17

Human development index (HDI)

Answer 17

indicator to measure level of development using combination of income, education, and life expectancy

Question 18

fair trade

Answer 18

provides greater equity to workers, small businesses, and consumers by focusing on products shipped from developing to developed countries

Question 19

development gap

Answer 19

difference between developed and developing countries development levels

Question 20

Brandt line

Answer 20

line between developed north and developing south

Question 21

dependency theory (neocolonialism)

Answer 21

former colony countries still economically depend on former colonizers

Question 22

special economic zone

Answer 22

areas in country with looser economic regulations to attract foreign investment and stimulate economic growth

Question 23

core

Answer 23

state with high levels of development, income and economic power

Question 24

periphery

Answer 24

low levels of economic productivity and standard of living

Question 25

semi periphery

Answer 25

less developed than core, more developed than periphery

Question 26

vertical integration

Answer 26

company controls all stages of production process

Question 27

vectored disease

Answer 27

disease that spreads by host

Question 28

rostow's ladder of development

Answer 28

economic growth model with 5 stages, assumes all countries want to modernize and will, but at different rates

Question 29

islands of development

Answer 29

pockets of more developed areas within lesser developed countries

Question 30

non governmental organization

Answer 30

independent organization that operates out of government control from private funding

Question 31

horizontal integration

Answer 31

strategy in which companies gain ownership of other related companies in the same industry