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Heme and Lymph > Hubbard leukemia > Flashcards

Hubbard leukemia Flashcards

1
Q

what toxin is linked to AML

A

benzene

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2
Q

Treatment related AML in patients who received chemo for prior cancers . . what kind of agents?

A

alkylators

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3
Q

What kind of leukemia is NOT caused by radiation

A

CLL

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4
Q

in older patients with mild pancytopenia and macrocytosis, if you offer the diagnosis of these 2 things you will look like a rockstar

A
  • myelodysplasia

- early AML

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5
Q

transfustion for APL

A

t(15;17)

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6
Q

in the acute leukemias (especially ALL) patients often complain of what

A

bone pain

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7
Q
  • cutaneous manifestation of AML
  • biopsy demonstrates myeloblasts in the dermis
  • can be confused with pyoderma gangrenosum
A

Sweet’s syndrome aka acute febrile neutrophilic dermatosis (AFND)

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8
Q

how do you treat Sweet’s syndrome (AFND)

A

manage the AML

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9
Q

azurophilic rods in the cytoplasm of patients with AML

A

Auer rods

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10
Q

when Auer rods resemble a bundle of sticks in some patients with APL

A

faggot cells

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11
Q

What types of AML most commonly have gingival hypertrophy

A

M4 (acute myelomonocytic)

M5 (Acute monocytic)

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12
Q

Multiple smudge cells are seen in what

A

CLL

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13
Q

remnant of mitiotic spindle usually in erythrocytes

A

cabot rings

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14
Q

foamy big cells in bone marrow and not in peripheral blood

A

Gaucher cells

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15
Q

normal LDH

A

under 250-300

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16
Q

normal uric acid

A

7

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17
Q

when are schistocytes seen?

A

microangiopathic hemolytic anemia like TTP and HUS

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18
Q

normal level of fibrinogen

A

400

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19
Q

when do you see increased lysozyme levels

A

monocytic leukemias . . M4 and M5

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20
Q

patient with DIC and APL should be treated with what?

A
  • All-trans retinoic acid (ATRA) or

- arsenic trioxide

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21
Q

what is 2-chlorodeoxyadenosine used for

A

hairy cell leukemia

22
Q

what is the backbone of induction therapy for ALL

A

Vincristine and prednisone

23
Q

what is a hypomethylating agent used for myelodysplastic syndrome

A

Decitabine

24
Q

t(12;21)

A

All

25
Q

Trisomy 8

A

MDS . .better prognosis

26
Q

t(8;21)

A

M1 and M2 AML

27
Q

5q-

A

MDS . . will respond to an imide drug

28
Q

neurological symptoms in ALL due to what

A

Leptomeningeal carcinomatosis . . . 35% of ALL patients

29
Q

Diplopia can be found in what leukemia?

What nerve is susceptible?

A

ALL

CN6

30
Q

t(4;11)

A

Classic L2 ALL . . most common type of acute leukemia

31
Q

7q-

A

MDS

32
Q

inv(16)

A

MDS . . . also AML

33
Q

treatment for diplopia in ALL

A

intrathecal methotrexate

34
Q

Catheter inserted b neurosurgeon into a lateral ventricle with a subcutaneous reservoir for delivery of intrathecal therapies. In palliative care, for delivery of intrathecal morphine

A

Ammaya reservoir

35
Q

what does kikuchi Disease cause

A

massive LAD in cervical

36
Q

man comes in with no complaints. only bilateral small cervical adenopathy and elevated WBC and lymphs. . what best test to further evaluate

A

peripheral blood lymphocyte flow cytometry . . quick and ease

37
Q

TRAP stain of peripheral blood lymphocytes

A

hairy cell leukemia

38
Q

Rai staging for CLL

A

0: lymphocytosis only
1: + LAD
2: + organomegaly (spleen and liver)
3: +anemia (Hb less than 11)
4: +thrombocytopenia (less than 100k)

0-1: low risk
2: intermediate
3-4: high risk

39
Q

77 year old with CLL asymptomatic . . treat how

A

Observation

40
Q

trisomies associated with ALL

A

4, 10, 17

41
Q

What are the monsomies of AML that carry poor prognosis

A

5 and 7

42
Q

Treatment of AML

A
  • most with combo of anthracycline (daunorubicin or idarubicin)
  • AML patients who are older and not candidates for traditional therapy: 5-azacitidine or decitabine
43
Q

treatment of ALL

A

combo: daunorubicin, vincristine, prednisone, and asparaginase.
- if patient has bcr-abl positivity, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor, dasatinib should be added

44
Q

after remission, what should ALL patients receive

A

CNS prophylaxis so that meningeal sequestration of leukemic cells doesn’t develop

45
Q

diagnosis of chronic leukemia

A
  • B cell lymphocytosis>5000
  • Coexpression of CD19, CD5 (only in CLL and mantle cell lymphoma)
  • CLL differentiated from mantle cell lymphoma by expression of CD23 and low expression of surface immunoglobulin and CD20
46
Q

indications for treatment of CLL

A
  • progressive fatigue
  • symptomatic lymphadenopathy
  • anemia
  • thrombocytopenia
47
Q

initial treatment for CLL in under 70 patients

A

-combo of fludarabine plus rituximab with or without cyclophosphamide

48
Q

treatment of older frail patients with CLL that have indications for treatment

A

chlorambucil orally every 3 weeks for 6 months

49
Q

What can be used in patients with relapsed/refractory CLL in those with deletion of 17p

A

ibrutinib

50
Q

Ph chromosome

A

9,22 fusion

51
Q

Treatment of CML

A
  • targeted at bcr abl tyrosine kinase
  • first gen: imatinib
  • 2nd gen: dasatinib and nilotinib
  • pts on TK inhibitors should be monitored with a quantitative PCR assay to check levels of bcr/abl
52
Q

Treatment for Hairy Cell leukemia

A

-IV cladribine daily for 7 days

Heme and Lymph (27 decks)

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