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Studying > Htm 1070 Midterm > Flashcards

Htm 1070 Midterm Flashcards

1
Q

Responsible Tourism is about:

A

Making the consumption and production of tourism more sustainable

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2
Q

What is the overall goal of Responsible Tourism?

A

Sustainability

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3
Q

Ecological Footprint

A

Is a measurement of land area required to sustain a population

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4
Q

How much land/resources does the average person of a particular area need to support their consumption habits?

A

Global footprint = 2.2 hectares

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5
Q

Tourism is like what?

A

Fire; you can cook your food on it, or it can burn your house down

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6
Q

Sustainability is the _____; Responsibility is the _____

A

objective; means

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7
Q

Tourism Demand

A

The fundamental condition for the development of tourism in the first place is that travellers must have both the ability and willingness to travel

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8
Q

Conspicuous Consumption (Velben 1899)

A

Consuming prestigious goods to enhance one’s prestige

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9
Q

Tourism Supply

A

The businesses and organizations that produce the products that tourists consume

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10
Q

The tourism industry is a fragmented industry because:

A

The services and products provided operate across several sectors

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11
Q

5 benefits of tourism:

A
  1. Economic Development
  2. Social Inclusion
  3. Placemaking
  4. Regeneration
  5. Culture and Heritage
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12
Q

Economic Development

A

Provides opportunities/employment for local businesses

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13
Q

Social Inclusion

A

People have a right to tourism

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14
Q

Placemaking

A

A process of creating public spaces through design elements

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15
Q

Regeneration

A

Declining areas are converted into tourism attractions

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16
Q

Culture and Hertiage

A

Attract tourists and justify investment in public assets

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17
Q

7 key elements of sustainable development

A
  1. Maintain ecological integrity and diversity
  2. Meet basic human needs
  3. Keep options open for future generations
  4. Reduce injustice
  5. Support the empowerment of decision making processes
  6. Maintain the quality of life
  7. Sustain cultures
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18
Q

The challenges of maintaining economic growth and extending the benefits of _____ of a rapidly growing global population push against the boundaries of the planet’s ____ resources

A

Development; finite

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19
Q

Free-Riders

A

Tourists are considered free-riders because they use public space without paying a cost; the benefit at the cost of those who do pay

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20
Q

What does free-riding lead to?

A

The destruction of public space and environment

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21
Q

Responsibility is:

A

Used as a framework for thinking about tourism policy, planning, development choices, as well as the associated impacts

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22
Q

Responsible tourism is not an ___ pursuit, it is a ___ one.

A

Economic; social

23
Q

Corporate social responsibility is interested in:

A
  1. Acting as a good corporate citizen
  2. Attending to the evolving social concerns of stakeholders
  3. Mitigating adverse effects from business activities
24
Q

Tourism is all about:

A

The consumption and production of in-place experiences

25
Q

Authentic Experiences

A

Trends towards more ethical awareness and greater willingness to take responsibility for the impacts of tourists and the industry coincides with the pursuit of authentic experiences

26
Q

Responsible tourism is an ____ that can be applied to any form of tourism

A

Approach

27
Q

Earth Summit, Rio de Janeiro, 1992

A

United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change is established. Meeting of world leaders to rethink economic growth with environmental protection in mind

28
Q

Sustainable development is considered a way of:

A

Avoiding environmental degradation and reducing poverty through economic growth

29
Q

Tragedy of Commons

A

Individuals acting independently, and without limit, according to their own self-interest

30
Q

Tools of Responsibility

A

Municipal/national approach
industry approach
international approach

31
Q

10 key elements of sustainable tourism:

A
  1. Sustainable use of resources
  2. Reducing over-consumption and waste
  3. Maintaining diversity
  4. Supporting local communities
  5. Integrating tourism into planning
  6. Involving local communities
  7. Consulting stakeholders and the public
  8. Training staff
  9. Market tourism responsibility
  10. Undertaking research
32
Q

Cape Town Declaration

A

Defines responsible tourism as an approach to “create better places for people to live in and for people to visit”

33
Q

Code for the Responsible Tourist and Traveler (2015), encourages the tourist and traveler to:

A
  • Have an open mind
  • Respect human rights
  • Preserve natural environments
  • Respect cultural resources
  • Purchase local handicrafts and products to support the local economy
  • Learn about the destination and its law
34
Q

Responsible tourism 6 criticisms:

A
  1. Is only a market segment
  2. Is a deceptive ploy
  3. Frowns on fun
  4. Is reduced to ecotourism, pro-poor tourism or community tourism
  5. Sidesteps the critical issues of volume
  6. Assumes tourists and hosts cannot get along in the first place
35
Q

‘The Holiday Makers’ (1987)

A
  • Wants the best
  • Interested in fun
  • Expect to be pampered
  • Participates in conspicuous consumption
  • Entitled to do what they please because they paid for it
  • Not aware of their impacts
  • Demanding
36
Q

For Krippendorf (Holiday Makers author), responsible tourism is:

A
  • The birth of new travel culture interested in social needs
  • Not anti-tourism
  • Beneficial to both host and guest
  • The individual responsibility of the holiday maker
  • Critical of consumption
  • An opportunity to favor closer relationships between hosts and guests
37
Q

At the heart of responsible tourism is the imperative to:
a, Generate a profit
b, Criticize all forms of travel
c, Make tourism better
d, Limit interactions between tourists and hosts
e, None of the above

A

Make tourism better

38
Q

Which concept refers to how much land/resources the average person of a particular area needs to support their consumption habits?
a, Sustainability
b, Ecological footprint
c, Conspicuous consumption
d, Self-actualization
e, None of the above

A

Ecological Footprint

39
Q

Which best explains an ‘ecological footprint’?
a, A way of avoiding environmental degradation and reducing poverty through economic growth
b, A “green tax” on flying where the passenger must pay a fee to fly long distances
c, A resource base of a destination that would be otherwise be used by locals
d, The amount of land and resources that we need to sustain our population’s consumption habits
e, None of the above

A

The amount of land and resources that we need to sustain our population’s consumption habits

40
Q

Conspicuous consumption refers to:
a, The consumer defining the product
b, The ‘bragging rights’ that come with the purchase of a holiday
c, Individuals acting independently, and without limit, according to their own self-interest
d, An authentic experience that enables the traveler to learn something about themselves
e, None of the above

A

None of the above

41
Q

Environmental sustainability is likely to be a higher priority for a hotel if: (textbook)
a, A developer operates a hotel and stands to recoup the environmental cost reductions
b, The developer hires a local management company that knows local rules
c, There is no link between the construction of the hotels and the operation of the hotel
d, Hotel management is kept separate from hotel ownership
e, None of the above

A

A developer operates a hotel and stands to recoup the environmental cost reductions

42
Q

Tourism supply describes:
a, The use of public resources without paying a cost
b, The process of creating public space through design elements - placemaking
c, The businesses and organizations that produce the product that tourists consume
d, A destination’s investment in public resources
e, None of the above

A

The businesses and organizations that produce the product that tourists consume

43
Q

Tourism is demand-led, which means:
a, Tourism has more demand than supply
b, Services facilitate the experience
c, The product produced is defined by the consumer
d, Consuming prestigious goods to enhance one’s prestige
e, None of the above

A

The product produced is defined by the consumer

44
Q

Tourism has earned Mt. Everest the nickname:
a, ‘The world’s highest junkyard”
b, ‘The summit of sustainability’
c, ‘Silent spring’
d, ‘Trash heap hill’
e, None of the above

A

The world’s highest junkyard

45
Q

Overtourism means:
a, There are more tourists present at the destination that the destination can support
b, Individuals acting independently, and without limit, according to their own self-interest
c, Tourism takes full account of its current and future economic, social, and environmental impacts
d, Providing opportunities for local businesses
e, None of the above

A

There are more tourists present at the destination that the destination can support

46
Q

Which of the following are NOT considered a responsible tourist practice?
a, Giving money to begging children
b, Staying out a sacred buildings
c, Learning a few words of the local language
d, Participating in a hotel’s towel program
e, None of the above

A

Giving money to begging children

47
Q

Which is NOT a benefit of tourism:
a, Regeneration
b, Placemaking
c, Investment in public assets
d, Economic development
e, None of the above

A

None of the above

48
Q

Which book played an influential role in bringing popular awareness to environmental issues?
a, Brundtland Commission
b, The Holiday Maker
c, Silent Spring
d, Limit to Growth
e, None of the above

A

Silent Spring

49
Q

Changes in consumer preferences

A

Responsible practices are expected by tourists

50
Q

Authenticity in the context of tourism:

A
  • Is a contested idea
  • Often represents an artificial and staged experience
  • Is measured against a consumer’s expectations
51
Q

Changes in consumer trends are:

A

Evident in changing attitudes towards authenticity

52
Q

The “Experience Economy” describes:

A
  • A shift in consumer preferences for memorable events
  • An opportunity to generate empathy in the traveler
  • A way to generate understanding in the traveler
  • A way to educate the consumer about responsibility
  • The value of creating an experience in tourism and hospitality
53
Q

What was the first trade association to commit to responsible tourism?

A

Association of Independent Tour Operators

54
Q

Product Value

A

Responsible tourism lends to adding value to a product through delivering a high quality experience. Consumers recognize that responsible tourism creates a better experience

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