Htm 1070 Exam Flashcards
List two ways the local government plays a role in managing tourism
- Imposes taxation
- Funds heritage attractions, public spaces and parking
What is ecotourism? 1
- Natural resource-based tourism that focuses primarily on experiencing and learning about nature, and is ethically managed to be low impact, non-consumptive and locally oriented
What is ecotourism? 2
- Ecotourism contributes to the costs of conserving habitats and species and provides revenues to local communities which encourages them to value and protect their wildlife heritage areas as a source of income
Identify one benefit and one drawback of slum tourism
- Benefit: includes those who would otherwise be excluded
- Drawback: revenue generation is an incentive to keep them slums
Identify three ways in which ‘tourist enclaves’ are economically irresponsible
- Isolate tourists from local community; local community cannot access tourists
- Controlled sightseeing
- Foreign owned development leads to leakage
List two different points about the multiplier effect, give an example
- Measures the economic impact of tourist expenditures that recirculate in the local economy
- The higher the propensity to consume locally produced goods and services, the higher the multiplier
- Lisa buys produce from John - John buys vegetables from Peter - Peter gets his accounting done by Sarah - Sarah buys a vase from Lisa’s shop [full circle]
Identify three ways in which a destination could experience ‘leakage’
- Waste due to inefficiency
- Taxes to non-local governments
- Outlays for imports
What are the three level of linkages?
- Initial stage
- Intermediate stage
- Advanced stage
Ecological footprint
Is the measurement of land area required to sustain a population [2.2 hectares]
Conspicuous consumption
Consuming prestigious goods to enhance one’s prestige
5 Benefits of Tourism
- Economic Development
- Social Inclusion
- Placemaking
- Regeneration
- Culture and Heritage
3 Elements of Sustainable Development
- Reduce injustice
- Maintain the quality of life
- Meet basic human needs
5 Characteristics of Responsible Tourism
- Provides a better experience for both the traveler and the community
- Encourages partnerships
- Enhances the tourist experience to make it more authentic
- Engages the consumer and encourages a change in the way they travel
- Addresses local priorities and local maintain ownership and use of land/resources
3 things corporate social responsibility is interested in:
- Acting as a good corporate citizen
- Attending to the evolving social concerns of stakeholders
- Mitigating adverse effects from business activities
3 characteristics from the trend ‘new travel culture’ (krippendorf)
- Greater ethical awareness
- Willing to take responsibility for their impacts
- Informed and experienced
The ‘Experience Economy’ describes:
- A shift in consumer preferences for memorable events
- An opportunity to generate empathy in the traveler
- A way to generate understanding in the traveler
Whistler’s official community only permits development if the development:
- Provided substantial benefits to the community and resort
- Was supported by the community
- Would not have unacceptable impacts on the community resort or environment
National governments are responsible for:
- Ensuring safety and security
- Supporting health and hygiene
- Providing high tech infrastructure
When approaching a problematic tourism situation, the key questions are:
- Is there agreement that the impact is an issue?
- Is there agreement about the cause?
- Whose responsibility is to make the change?
The host-guest relationships is affect by:
- Novelty
- Economic importance
- Cultural and behavioural divides
3 types of interactions between hosts and guests:
- Economic encounters
- Encounters where there is leisure proximity
- Purposeful encounters where there is an intention to exchange ideas
3 hedonistic tourist behaviours:
- Binge drinking
- Gambling
- Clubbing
3 drawbacks of ‘voluntourism’
- Replaces local labour
- Demanding volunteers
- Uses local resources
3 economic benefits of tourism
- Taxation revenue
- Foreign exchange ‘hard currency’ earnings
- Modernization through infrastructure development
3 drawbacks of eco-labels and certifications
- Efforts to ‘tick off boxes’ are prioritized over local concerns
- Requires the consumer to trust the authority of the certification
- Certification is unlikely to make a difference to the guest experience
List 5 ways in which tourists can be more environmentally responsible
- Light weight luggage
- Take green flights
- Use green sunscreen
- Bringing a reusable water bottle
- Use public transportation, walk or bike; rather than taxis or driving
List 5 ways in which tourists can be more socially/culturally responsible
- Learn the local language
- Shop at local businesses
- Don’t flaunt money/wealth
- Ask permission before taking pictures
- Respect the local dress code
List 5 ways in which tourists can be more economically responsible
- Buy local food which decreases imports
- Don’t give money to local children
- Don’t negotiate prices with local businesses
- Researching the hotel they are staying at
- Don’t support animal harming businesses
List 5 ways in which businesses can be more socially/culturally, economically, and environmentally responsible
- Hire and involved the local people
- Don’t destroy the land when building new buildings
- Collecting rain water and reusing it
- Encourage tourists to support local communities
- Growing a garden
