HPV Vaccines Flashcards
1
Q
HPV classification
A
Dermal
Mucosal
- low risk
- high risk
2
Q
5 evolutionary groups of HPV
A
- Alpha
- Beta
- Gamma
- Nu
- Mu
3
Q
Common low-risk HPV
A
6,11
- genital and oral warts
4
Q
Common high-risk HPV
A
16,18
5
Q
Average time to clear HPV infection
A
8-12 months
6
Q
Risk factors for incident HPV infection
A
- lack of condom use
- new sex partner
- no. of previous sex partners
7
Q
HPV genome organisation
A
- double stranded
- closed circular
- DNA
- 8000 bps
8
Q
Family of HPV
A
Papillomaviridae
9
Q
Genus of HPV
A
Alphapapillomavirus
10
Q
How the virus penetrates the cervix
A
- skin-skin contact
- point of entry = abrasion
11
Q
How does the virus disable suppressors
A
- expression of viral protein E6+E7
- inactivate anti-oncogenic p53 and pRB
12
Q
Role of p53
A
- a transcription factor which controls DNA repair and cellular response to injury
- initiates apoptosis in damaged cells
13
Q
Role of pRB
A
- halts DNA replication during G1 phase of cell cycle to allow repair of damaged DNA
14
Q
Where does HPV replicate?
A
in stratified squamous epithelium
15
Q
How does HPV evade the IS?
A
- not cytolytic and so no IS activation
- interferes with interferon responses
- fewer inflam cytokines so no induction of adaptive immunity
- downreg HLA class 1
- replicates in avascular area (no access for immune cells)
