How the Earth Works

Question 1

The Earth System is made up of

Answer 1

Atmosphere
Hydrosphere
Cryosphere
Biosphere
Lithosphere

Question 2

gaseous envelop surround earth

Answer 2

Atmosphere

Question 3

all liquid water surrounding earth; lakes, rivers, oceans

Answer 3

Hydrosphere

Question 4

ice, snow, and/or hail; layer that has frozen water on earth; i.e. glaciers

Answer 4

Cyrosphere

Question 5

regions of earth that are occupied by living organisms

Answer 5

biosphere

Question 6

all of the rocks and solid foundation on earth; the rigid foundations of earth on the outer most consisting of crust

Answer 6

Lithosphere

Question 7

What percentage of land takes up earth?

Answer 7

30%

Question 8

What percentage of water takes up earth?

Answer 8

70%

Question 9

Curve that plots surface elevation to see the different heights of land or sea (can be both)

Answer 9

Hypsometric Curve

Question 10

How many kilometers (km) does land lie within sea level?

Answer 10

1 km

Question 11

What is the depth the Ocean Floor falls close to?

Answer 11

5 km

Question 12

Four main elements Earth is made up of

Answer 12

Oxygen (O)
Iron (Fe)
Silicone (Si)
Magnesium (Mg)

Question 13

Percentages of the four main elements that make up earth

Answer 13

10.1% Silicone
32.1% Iron
13.9% Magnesium
30% Oxygen

Question 14

How do Asteroids and Meteorites help scientists study the Earth?

Answer 14

They reveal Temperature and Pressure conditions;

we discover these properties through experiments

Question 15

The effect as weigh increases as depth increases; what is above you

Answer 15

Pressure (P)

Question 16

Heat that is generated in Earth’s interior; increases as depth increases; increases faster the deeper

Answer 16

Temperature (T)

Question 17

The rate temperature changes over depth

Answer 17

Geothermal Gradient

Question 18

What gives more accurate info to proving that Earth has layers?

Answer 18

Density Differences

Question 19

Two elements that make up the CORE

Answer 19

Iron + Nickel

Question 20

Discovered Metal was in Earth’s core

Answer 20

Emil Wiechert

Question 21

Physical Properties of Lithosphere

Answer 21

firm, but brittle; if string was put on it, it would break easily

Question 22

Physical Properties of Asthenosphere

Answer 22

solid but ductile (stress implied)

Question 23

Physical Properties of Mesosphere

Answer 23

Solid

Question 24

Physical Properties of OUTER CORE

Answer 24

Liquid

Question 25

Physical Properties of INNER CORE

Answer 25

solid

Question 26

elements the crust is made out of?

Answer 26

Light elements such as aluminum

Question 27

Elements the Mantle is made out of?

Answer 27

Iron and Magnesium

Question 28

Elements the Core is made out of?

Answer 28

Iron and Nickel

Question 29

Average density of continental crust

Answer 29

2.79 g/cubic centimeters

Question 30

thickest and lights crust; made of granite and other elements

Answer 30

continental crust

Question 31

Avg Density of Oceanic Crust?

Answer 31

3.0 g/cubic centimeters

Question 32

Oceanic crust characteristics

Answer 32

more dense than continental

made of basalt

Question 33

Crust in upper mantle; Breaks easily from Earthquakes

Answer 33

Lithosphere

Question 34

the process where things that are hot rise, and things that are cold sink

Answer 34

Convection

Question 35

flows, ductile, doesn’t break but bend; also apart of upper mantle; soft solid

Answer 35

Asthenosphere

Question 36

The outer core is made of ____?

Answer 36

Iron, Sulfur, nickel

Question 37

How is the inner core solid?

Answer 37

Due to magnetic interaction and pressure

Question 38

What degree is earth tilted at?

Answer 38

23 degrees

Question 39

What degree is the magnetic field at

Answer 39

11 degrees

Question 40

what does the magnetic field protection the earth from?

Answer 40

solar radiation, northern lights, and technology failure

Question 41

Earth’s crust is made up of what elements (percentages)

Answer 41

Silicon 28%
Oxygen 46%
Iron 10%
Aluminum 1.1%