how far? Flashcards
what does it mean when a reaction is at equilibrium?
the rate of the forward and reverse reactions are equal
what are the methods that can be used to measure equilibrium
- measure the change in colour or colour intensity using colourimeter
- use a pH probe
- measure electrical conductivity
- titration (when equilibrium is slow so that titration can be completed before there is much change in e
what does mole fraction mean?
the amount of a given component in a given reaction mixture
state the equation used to calculate mole fractions
mole fraction = number of moles of substance A / total number of moles of all substances
what does partial pressure mean
the pressure exerted by a single species in a reaction vessel
what is the symbol for partial pressure
P
state the equation used to calculate the partial pressure
partial pressure = mole fraction x total pressure
what is the relationship between the concentration of a substance and its partial pressure?
concentration of a substance is proportional to its partial pressure
what are the 3 common units of pressure used in chemistry?
- pascals (Pa)
- atmospheres (atm)
- newtons per square metre
what type of brackets are used in Kc expressions?
square [ ]
what type of brackets are used in Kp expressions?
round ( )
a reaction has the equation:
aA(g) + bB(g) -> cC(g) + dD)g)
what is its Kp expression?
Kp = p(Cc) p(Dd) / p(Aa) p(Bb)
what is the symbol of the equilibrium constant?
K
what does it mean when K is greater than 1?
reaction favours product
what does it mean when K is less than 1?
the reaction favours reactants
