Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

chemistry > group 2 and 7 > Flashcards

group 2 and 7 Flashcards

1
Q

What is a common name given to group 2 metals

A

Alkaline earth metals

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is the most reactive metal of group 2

A

Barium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

List 3 physical properties of group 2 metals

A
  • High melting and boiling points
  • Low-density metals
  • Form colourless (white) compounds
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What ions does group 2 form in redox reactions?

A

Group 2 lose their two outer electrons to form 2+ ions

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

The highest energy electrons of group 2 metals are in which subshell?

A

S-subshell

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

What are the relative reactivities of Group 2 elements in redox reactions with oxygen

A

When group 2 metals are burnt in oxygen, they form solid white oxides.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

What are the relative reactivities of Group 2 elements in redox reactions with water

A

The group 2 metals react with water to give metal hydroxide and a hydrogen gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

What are the relative reactivities of Group 2 elements in redox reactions with dilute acids

A

When group 2 metals react with dilute hydrochloric acid, you get a metal chloride and hydrogen gas

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What is the trend of reactivity down group 2 metals

A
  • Reactivity increases

- Electrons are lost more easily because larger atomic radius and more shielding

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the trend in first ionisation energy down group 2

A
  • Decreases
  • Because electron number increases so shielding increases
  • Increases atomic radius so there are weaker nuclear forces
  • So less energy is needed to remove the electron
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Which group 2 element reacts very slowly with water?

A

Magnesium

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What type of reaction is the reaction between group 2 elements and oxygen?

A

Redox reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What type of reaction is the reaction between group 2 metals and water?

A

Redox reaction

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What is oxidised and what is reduced in a reaction between group 2 metal and water?

A
  • Metal is oxidised

- One hydrogen atom from each water is reduced

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What group 2 metal oxide is insoluble in water?

A

Beryllium oxide

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What is the trend in hydroxide solubility down group 2?

A
  • Increases down the group
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

What is the use of Ca(OH)2

A

Used to neutralise soil

18
Q

What is the use of Mg(OH)2

A
  • Antacid to treat indigestion
19
Q

What is calcium carbonate used for

A
  • Present in limestone and marble

- Used in building construction

20
Q

List 2 properties of halogens

A
  1. Low melting and boiling point

2. Exist as diatomic molecules

21
Q

Explain the trend in the boiling group down group 7

A
  • Increases down the group
  • Because size of the atom increases as more occupied shells
  • Stronger London forces of attraction between molecules, take more energy to overcome
22
Q

Explain the trend in reactivity down group 7

A
  • Reactivity decreases
  • Because atomic radius increases
  • Electron shielding increases
  • Ability to gain an electron and form -1 ions decreases
23
Q

Explain the trend in oxidising ability down the group

A
  • Decreases down the group
  • Cl has the fewest occupied electron shells, and greatest nuclear attraction so it is easiest to gain electrons and be reduced
24
Q

Explain the trend in reducing the ability of the halides down the group

A
  • Increases down the group
  • Iodine has the most occupied electron shells so outer electrons are further from the nucleus, and is the easiest to be oxidised and lose electrons
25
Q

What is the colour of chlorine in water

A

Pale green

26
Q

What is the colour of bromine in water

A

Orange

27
Q

What is the colour of iodine in water

A

Brown

28
Q

What is the colour of chlorine in cyclohexane

A

Pale green

29
Q

What is the colour of bromine in cyclohexane

A

Orange

30
Q

What is the colour of iodine in cyclohexane

A

Violet

31
Q

Define disproportionation

A

When an element is oxidised and reduced at the same time in a redox reaction

32
Q

What type of reaction is the reaction of chlorine with water

A

Disproportionation

33
Q

Why is chlorine added to drinking water

A

It kills the bacteria in the water and makes it safer to drink

34
Q

What is the equation for forming bleach?

A

Cl2 + 2NAOH -> NaCl + NaClO + H2O

35
Q

What is the formula of bleach

A

NaClO

36
Q

What kind of molecules do halogens exist as?

A

Diatomic molecules

37
Q

How can you see the colour change in a displacement reaction with halogens?

A

By adding an organic solvent like hexane, it settles out a distinct layer above the aqueous solution

38
Q

Describe the test for halides

A
  1. Add dilute nitric acid
  2. Add silver nitrate solution
  3. A precipitate of the silver halide is formed
  4. Test results by adding ammonia solution
39
Q

What is observed in the silver test for halides if a chloride ion is present?

A
  • Precipitate colour: white

- Solubility in ammonia: dissolved in dilute NH3

40
Q

What is observed in the silver test for halides if a bromide ion is present?

A
  • Precipitate colour: Cream

- Solubility in ammonia: dissolves in concentration

41
Q

What is observed in the silver test for halides if an iodide ion is present?

A
  • Precipitate colour: Yellow

- Solubility in ammonia: insoluble in concentration

42
Q

What are the alternatives to using chlorine in water and explain them?

A
  1. Ozone
    - A strong oxidising agent which makes it good for killing microorganisms, its expensive to produce and has a short-half life so it’s treatment isn’t permanent
  2. Ultraviolet light
    - It kills microorganisms by damaging their DNA, it is ineffective in cloudy water and it won’t stop the water from being contaminated further down

chemistry (37 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions