Hospital Aquired Immunity Flashcards

1
Q

What are hospital acquired infections

A

Infections arising as a consequence of providing healthcare is not present or incubating at time of admission and which onset is at least 48 hours after admission

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2
Q

who do hospital acquired infection affect

A

patients. healthcare workers and visitors

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3
Q

why is there impact of hospital acquired infections on health care organisations

A
  • due to an increased length of stat

- cost of antibiotics

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4
Q

what is the most common type of hospital acquired infection

A

UTI

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5
Q

give examples of healthcare acquired viruses

A
  • norovirus
  • influenza
  • chickenpox
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6
Q

give examples of healthcare acquired bacteria

A
  • clostridium difficile
  • E. coli
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis
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7
Q

give examples of healthcare acquired fungi

A
  • candida albicans
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8
Q

give examples of healthcare acquired parasites

A
  • malaria
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9
Q

in what types of patients are healthcare acquired infections most common in

A
  • extremes of age
  • obese/malnourished
  • diabetic
  • cancer
  • immunosuppressed
  • smoker
  • surgical patient
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10
Q

what are the 4 P’s of prevention and control

A

Patient, Pathogen, Practice, Place

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11
Q

what causes most healthcare acquired infections

A

transfer of pathogens between patients

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12
Q

what general things can be done to prevent patients transferring pathogens

A
  • antimicrobial prophylaxis
  • skin preparation with disinfectant
  • hand hygiene
  • halting patient interaction via barriers such a isolation
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13
Q

what specific things can be done to prevent patients transferring bacteria

A
  • MRSA screening

- disinfectant body wash

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14
Q

how does an infectious disease room prevent the spread of pathogens

A
  • there is a higher pressure between the doors so they cant be opened at the same time
  • patients room is at a lower pressure so air wont move out
  • middle is at a higher pressure so air from corridor wont move in
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15
Q

how can you prevent healthcare workers from developing infections

A
  • vaccinations
  • hand hygiene
  • Personal protective equipment (gloves, mask, apron)
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16
Q

what environmental intervention stop the spread of infections

A
  • cleaning with disinfectants
  • separate toilets
  • single use medial equipment
  • decontamination of equipment
  • good food hygiene