Horse Hoof Lecture

Question 1

Define hoof

Answer 1

The dermal and epidermal structues distal to the coronet

Question 2

Define hoof capsule

Answer 2

The epidermal structures distal to the coronet

Question 3

Define foot

Answer 3

The hoof capsule and all of the structures contained within.

Question 4

High ringbone

Answer 4

Exostosis at the pasten

Question 5

Low ringbone

Answer 5

Exostosis at the coffin joint

Question 6

Sidebone

Answer 6

Ossification of the cartilage of the hoot

Question 7

Pyramidal disease

Answer 7

Ossification of extensor process

Question 8

What are the “XYZs” of the horse world

Answer 8

Straight, oblique, and cruciate sesamoidean ligament

Question 9

Give three general types of synovial structures and give a specific example of eat

Answer 9

Joint capsule- fetlock jt capsul

Bursa- navicular bursa

Tendon sheath-digital flexor tendon sheath

Question 10

Give layers of epidermis from must subcutaneous to deep and indicate which are mitotically active

Answer 10

Horny layer (stratum corneum)
Granular layer (stratum granulosum)
Pickle-cell layer (stratum spinosum)
Basal layer (stratum basale)

Basal layer is the only layer with mitotic elements

Question 11

Statum germinativum

Answer 11

Stratum basale and stratum spinosum

–>Germinal layer

Question 12

What degree are the fore hoof capsule and hind hoof capsule?

Answer 12

Fore= 47

Hind=54

Question 13

Coronet

Answer 13

Jxn of wall and skin

Question 14

What side of the hoof capsule is more angled medial or lateral

Answer 14

Lateral

Question 15

Name some elements of the hoof capsule

Answer 15

Periople
Wall
Sole
Frog
Bars
White line

Question 16

White line

AKA

Answer 16

Jxn of the sole and the wall

AKA zona alba

Question 17

White line disease affects what part of ground surface of hoof

Answer 17

Water line (unpigmented part)

Question 18

Give layers of the wall from most outer to inner

Answer 18

Stratum externum
Stratum medium
Stratum internum

Question 19

What portions of the hoof are made of water

Answer 19

frog= 50%
sole=33%
wall=20%

Question 20

What is stratum externum derived from

Answer 20

periople

Question 21

T/F Proximal ends of periople and stratum medium feature grooves

Answer 21

T

Question 22

What does the internal layer of the wall feature? What is that internal layer called.

Answer 22

Stratum internum ft 600 primary laminae

Question 23

What are the dermal regions of the hoof and what is overlying these regions

Answer 23

Dermal layers=perioplic dermis, coronary dermis, laminar dermis, sole dermis, frog dermis

Straum germinativum covers dermal regions.

Question 24

Explain how SA is increased in the inner hoof wall

Answer 24

There are 600 primary epidermal lamellae that have 200 secondary lamellae along the length of each primary. The tips of the primary and secondary lamellae are all orientated towards the distal phalanx.

Question 25

If the coronary band tissue is scarred, what will result?

Answer 25

Visible permanent defects in wall.

Question 26

What does the coronary band include

Answer 26

Coronary and perioplic dermis with germinal epithelium (stratum basale and stratum spinosum)

Question 27

T/F Coronary band is seen without cutting into the foot

Answer 27

F

You have to cut the foot to see the coronary band

Question 28

Which has nerves, epidermal lamellae or dermal lamellae

Answer 28

Dermal

Question 29

What are some hypodermal structures

Answer 29

Digital cushion
Coronary cushion
Perioplic cushion

Question 30

The dorsal pedal a of hindlimb interposed between

Answer 30

Cranial tibial a and dorsal metatarsal a

Question 31

What is the group of veins on the exterior surface of the dermal part of the hoof called

Answer 31

Coronary venous plexus

Question 32

What is a major difference between the innervation between the fore foot and hind foot?

Answer 32

Dorsal aspect of digit of hind foot receives some innervation by dorsal metatarsal n (that arise from deep fibular n). These branches innervate dorsal zone of coronary and laminar dermis.