Equine Forelimb Lab Flashcards

1
Q

Bucked shins or shin splints

  • Type of disease
  • What’s wrong
A

Dorsal MC disease…mostly seen in young racehorses following strenuous exercise

May be associated with subperiosteal hemorrahage on dorsal aspect of large MC bone or canon bone

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2
Q

Contracted tendons

  • What
  • Observed
  • AKA
A

Deformaties with flexor tendons and most commonly observed at coffin jt

AKA club foot

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3
Q

High ring bone

A

Bone growth above or below pastern jt-involves either distal end of P1 or proximal end of P2

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4
Q

Quittor

A

Purulent infection of hoof cartilages with necrosis

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5
Q

Sidebones

A

Ossification of collateral cartilages, usually forelimbs

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6
Q

Sweeney

A

Loss of muscle mass in infra and supraspinatus muscles due to suprascapular n damage

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7
Q

Windpuffs or wind gals

  • What
  • Associated with
A

Chronic distension of palmar or plantar recess of fetlock jt w/synovial fluid.

Associated with chronic distension of flexor tendon sheath at level of fetlock.

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8
Q

What act as collateral ligaments for shoulder jt

A

Tendons of supra and infraspinatus m laterally and subscapular m medially

RARE to dslocate shoulder

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9
Q

Infraspinatus bursa

  • Where
  • Shoulder injection
A

Under tendon of infraspinatus m and subject to inflammation

Injection of shoulder jt at cranial border of infraspinatus tendon dorsal to greater tubercle.

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10
Q

Bowed tendon

  • What
  • How is it formed
A

Tendons become thickened and bow caudally in MC region

Acute tendinitis=flexor tendons and interosseus m in MC region
–>Repeated strain during fast gaits

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11
Q

Chip or slab fractures

  • What
  • What bones are affected
  • Remedy
A

When carpal bones are driven together hard during fast gait
-radial and 3rd carpal bone

Surgical removal of fragment is only effective remedy

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12
Q

Puffs

A

Distension of radiocarpal and/or midcarpal capsules between extensor tendons on dorsal surface of carpus jt

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13
Q

Thrush

A

Infection of central and lateral sulcl of frog region of horse’s foot
-Bacterial/fungal infection

Reults when horse stands in urine/feces bedding

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14
Q

Laminitis

  • AKA
  • Chronic condition
A

Founder

Inflammation of dermal laminae that lead to destruction of the union btw hoof wall and P3

Chronic conditions:coffin bone rotates away from wall and pushes through sole (euthanize horse)

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15
Q

Navicular disease

  • What
  • Relief
  • Mistake
A

Inflammation of navicular bursa

Relief of chronic navicular disease achieved by digital nerves neurectomy close to palpable cartilages of the hoof.

Ligament of ergot should not be mistaken for these n

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16
Q

Villinodular synovitis

A

Inflammation and thickening of capsular fold
-btw MC3 and P1

Due to fast gaits and exreme overextension of fetlock jt when it sinks toward ground

17
Q

Why are nerve blocks used

A

Diagnosis of lameness and pain management

18
Q

Digital cushion

  • Where
  • Action
  • Importance
A

Btw P3 and frog
Presses against hoof cartilages and promotes outward movement of quarters.

Part of cushion and frog are resected to drain navicular bursa when it becomes inflamed (maybe from nail)

19
Q

Arthrocentesis

A

Puncture of jts is performed for diagnosis of lameness, injection of medication and collection of synovial fluid

20
Q

Interubercular bursa

  • where
  • inflamed
  • communication
A

Under tendon of origin of biceps brachii

When inflamed=bicipital bursitis.

DOES not communcate with shoulder jt capsule

21
Q

Rupture of serratus ventralis

A

If ruptured, may lead to jagged prokection of dorsal border in wither region

22
Q

Gravil

  • AKA
  • What
  • Migration
A

AKA White line disease

Pus draining at coronet due to puncture wound at white line
-Pus migrates proximally following infection of sensitive tissue of white line. Pus follows line of least resistance

23
Q

Name the MC bones

A

3rd MC= cannon bone
2nd MC=medial splint
4th MC=lateral splint

24
Q

T/F MC2 is shorter than MT3 in hindlimb

25
Strongest bone in the body in forelimb
MC3
26
MT3 and MC3 difference
MC3 cross section is oval | MT3 cross section is round
27
What does the MC tuberosity attach to
Extensor carpi radialis
28
What connects the proximal sesamoids
palmar (intersesamoidean) ligament
29
Give joints from proximal to distal starting at the shoulder
``` Humeral (shoulder jt) Cubital (elbow) jt Radiocarpal jt Middle carpal jt Carpometacarpal jt Metacarpophalangeal jt (fetlock jt) Proximal interphalangeal jt (pastern jt) Distal interphalangeal jt (coffin jt) ```
30
Other names for accessory ligament of SDF
Proximal check ligament Superior check ligament Radial check ligament
31
What tendons travel through carpal canal
Flexor carpi radialis
32
Other names for accessory ligament of DDF
Distal check ligament | Inferior check ligament
33
What vessels are at risk in "skating" injuries
Cephalic v | Deltoid branch of superficial cervical a
34
What innervates pectoral m
Cranial pectoral m
35
What is sensory to skin of antebrachium
Musculocutaneous
36
Lateral thoracic n innervates
Cutaneous trunci
37
Thoracodorsal n innervates
Latissimus dorsi
38
Long thoracic n innervates
Serratus ventralis
39
What does radial n supply
Antigravity m All the extensor m below shoulder jt and brachialis m