Equine Forelimb Lab Flashcards
Bucked shins or shin splints
- Type of disease
- What’s wrong
Dorsal MC disease…mostly seen in young racehorses following strenuous exercise
May be associated with subperiosteal hemorrahage on dorsal aspect of large MC bone or canon bone
Contracted tendons
- What
- Observed
- AKA
Deformaties with flexor tendons and most commonly observed at coffin jt
AKA club foot
High ring bone
Bone growth above or below pastern jt-involves either distal end of P1 or proximal end of P2
Quittor
Purulent infection of hoof cartilages with necrosis
Sidebones
Ossification of collateral cartilages, usually forelimbs
Sweeney
Loss of muscle mass in infra and supraspinatus muscles due to suprascapular n damage
Windpuffs or wind gals
- What
- Associated with
Chronic distension of palmar or plantar recess of fetlock jt w/synovial fluid.
Associated with chronic distension of flexor tendon sheath at level of fetlock.
What act as collateral ligaments for shoulder jt
Tendons of supra and infraspinatus m laterally and subscapular m medially
RARE to dslocate shoulder
Infraspinatus bursa
- Where
- Shoulder injection
Under tendon of infraspinatus m and subject to inflammation
Injection of shoulder jt at cranial border of infraspinatus tendon dorsal to greater tubercle.
Bowed tendon
- What
- How is it formed
Tendons become thickened and bow caudally in MC region
Acute tendinitis=flexor tendons and interosseus m in MC region
–>Repeated strain during fast gaits
Chip or slab fractures
- What
- What bones are affected
- Remedy
When carpal bones are driven together hard during fast gait
-radial and 3rd carpal bone
Surgical removal of fragment is only effective remedy
Puffs
Distension of radiocarpal and/or midcarpal capsules between extensor tendons on dorsal surface of carpus jt
Thrush
Infection of central and lateral sulcl of frog region of horse’s foot
-Bacterial/fungal infection
Reults when horse stands in urine/feces bedding
Laminitis
- AKA
- Chronic condition
Founder
Inflammation of dermal laminae that lead to destruction of the union btw hoof wall and P3
Chronic conditions:coffin bone rotates away from wall and pushes through sole (euthanize horse)
Navicular disease
- What
- Relief
- Mistake
Inflammation of navicular bursa
Relief of chronic navicular disease achieved by digital nerves neurectomy close to palpable cartilages of the hoof.
Ligament of ergot should not be mistaken for these n
Villinodular synovitis
Inflammation and thickening of capsular fold
-btw MC3 and P1
Due to fast gaits and exreme overextension of fetlock jt when it sinks toward ground
Why are nerve blocks used
Diagnosis of lameness and pain management
Digital cushion
- Where
- Action
- Importance
Btw P3 and frog
Presses against hoof cartilages and promotes outward movement of quarters.
Part of cushion and frog are resected to drain navicular bursa when it becomes inflamed (maybe from nail)
Arthrocentesis
Puncture of jts is performed for diagnosis of lameness, injection of medication and collection of synovial fluid
Interubercular bursa
- where
- inflamed
- communication
Under tendon of origin of biceps brachii
When inflamed=bicipital bursitis.
DOES not communcate with shoulder jt capsule
Rupture of serratus ventralis
If ruptured, may lead to jagged prokection of dorsal border in wither region
Gravil
- AKA
- What
- Migration
AKA White line disease
Pus draining at coronet due to puncture wound at white line
-Pus migrates proximally following infection of sensitive tissue of white line. Pus follows line of least resistance
Name the MC bones
3rd MC= cannon bone
2nd MC=medial splint
4th MC=lateral splint
T/F MC2 is shorter than MT3 in hindlimb
T
Strongest bone in the body in forelimb
MC3
MT3 and MC3 difference
MC3 cross section is oval
MT3 cross section is round
What does the MC tuberosity attach to
Extensor carpi radialis
What connects the proximal sesamoids
palmar (intersesamoidean) ligament
Give joints from proximal to distal starting at the shoulder
Humeral (shoulder jt) Cubital (elbow) jt Radiocarpal jt Middle carpal jt Carpometacarpal jt Metacarpophalangeal jt (fetlock jt) Proximal interphalangeal jt (pastern jt) Distal interphalangeal jt (coffin jt)
Other names for accessory ligament of SDF
Proximal check ligament
Superior check ligament
Radial check ligament
What tendons travel through carpal canal
Flexor carpi radialis
Other names for accessory ligament of DDF
Distal check ligament
Inferior check ligament
What vessels are at risk in “skating” injuries
Cephalic v
Deltoid branch of superficial cervical a
What innervates pectoral m
Cranial pectoral m
What is sensory to skin of antebrachium
Musculocutaneous
Lateral thoracic n innervates
Cutaneous trunci
Thoracodorsal n innervates
Latissimus dorsi
Long thoracic n innervates
Serratus ventralis
What does radial n supply
Antigravity m
All the extensor m below shoulder jt and brachialis m
