Horse Abdomen Lecture

Question 1

EAO

-Slit in aponeurosis forms

Answer 1

Superficial inguinalring

Question 2

EAO musculotendinous junction

Answer 2

Heave line

When horse has “heaves” EAO can become hyperatrophied because it is used so much to help expire air

Question 3

EAO

->Caudal edge is known as

Answer 3

Inguinal ligament which forms caudal boundary of deep inguinal ring

Question 4

What covers EAO

Answer 4

Tunica flava abdominis

Question 5

IAO

-hump

Answer 5

Formed by projecting tuber coxae (origin of IAO) and creates caudal boundary of paralumbar fossa

Question 6

IAO

-deep inguinal ring

Answer 6

Forms cranial boundary of deep inguinal ring

Question 7

IAO

-caudal fibers

Answer 7

Caudal fibers give rise to cremaster muscle

Question 8

IAO

-heave line

Answer 8

Will not see heave line in IAO

Question 9

Paralumbar fossa boundaries

Answer 9

Dorsal=epaxial muscles
Cranial=18th rib
Caudal=”hump” formed by IAO

Question 10

Rectus abdominis

• Linea alba
• Attaches?
• Deep inguinal ring

Answer 10

• Linea alba situated btw R and L rectus abdominis
• Attaches pubis by prepubic tendon

=Forms ventral boundary of deep inguinal ring

Question 11

Transversus abdominis

• How to ID
• Deep inguinal ring

Answer 11

Has ventral branch of lumbar n on surface (how to ID)

IS NOT A PART OF THE DEEP INGUINAL RING

Question 12

What makes it difficult for a horse to swallow?

Answer 12

Acute angle that the esophagus enters stomach and heavily muscled cardiac sphincter. Most of the time the contents of stomach are pushed into saccus cecus of stomach.

Question 13

Where is cardia of stomach?

Answer 13

Around 11th rib

Question 14

Does the stomach touch the abdominal wall?

Answer 14

NO

Question 15

Saccus cecus

Answer 15

Enlarged portion of the fundus

Question 16

Margo plicatus

Answer 16

Separates glandular from non-glandular part of stomach

Question 17

Describe cranial part of duodenum

Answer 17

S-shaped and called sigmoid flexure

Question 18

Where is base of cecum?

Answer 18

In R paralumbar fossa

Question 19

Contents flow into cecum how?

Out of cecum?

Answer 19

Into-ileocecal orifice

Out-Cecocolic orifice

Question 20

Pathway of ascending colon from cecum

Answer 20

Right ventral colon
Sternal flexure (ventral diaphragmatic)
Left ventral colon
Pelvic flexure 
Left dorsal colon
Diaphragmatic flexure (dorsal diaphragmatic)
Right dorsal colon

NOW IN TRANSVERSE COLON

Question 21

Give bands and sacculations of large intestine

Answer 21

Cecum
4 bands
+ sacculations

Ventral colon
4 bands
+ sacculations

Left dorsal colon
1 band
- sacculations

Right dorsal colon
3 bands
- sacculations (+)

Transverse colon
2 bands
- sacculations (+)

Descending colon
2 bands
+sacculations

Question 22

Where are impactions likely to occur in large intestine?

Answer 22

Where there is a change in direction or change in diameter

Question 23

Boundaries of epiploic foramen

Answer 23

Dorsal= caudal venca cava and caudate process of liver

Ventral= pancreas and portal v

Cranial= hepatoduodenal ligament

Question 24

Important ligaments on spleen

Answer 24

Renosplenic ligament

Phrenicosplenic ligament

Question 25

Left dorsal displacement of descending colon

Answer 25

Over dorsal aspect of spleen w/entrapment btw renosplenic ligament, spleen, and left kidney

Question 26

What kidney can be palpated per rectuM

Answer 26

L

Question 27

Shapes of kidneys

Answer 27

Heart shaped=R

Bean shaped=L

Question 28

Pelvis contains

Answer 28

Mucous glands

Question 29

Terminal recesses are extensions of

Answer 29

Renal pelvis

Question 30

Verminous aneurisms seen

Answer 30

Celiac and cranial mesenteric a

Question 31

Arteries in cecum

Answer 31

Lateral and medial cecal

Question 32

Ventral colon is supplied by

Answer 32

Colic branch of ileocolic

Question 33

Dorsal colon is supplied by

Answer 33

right colic a