Horner syndrome and CN3 palsy

Question 1

CN3 palsy appearance

Answer 1

ptosis
dilated non-reactive pupil
down and out eye

Question 2

what two structures does CN3 come in close contact with?

Answer 2

cavernous sinus

posterior communicating artery

Question 3

sparing of pupil CN3

Answer 3

microvascular cause

Question 4

cause of microvascular CN3 palsy

Answer 4

diabetes
hypertension
ischaemia

Question 5

full CN3 palsy causes

Answer 5

posterior communicating artery aneurysm
brainstem tumour
cavernous sinus thrombosis
raised ICP

Question 6

horner syndrome triad

Answer 6

ptosis
miosis
anhidrosis

Question 7

enophthalmos

Answer 7

sunken eye

Question 8

cause of horners syndrome

Answer 8

damage to sympathetic nervous system supplying the face

Question 9

what artery do post-ganglionic nerves travel alongside?

Answer 9

ICA

Question 10

how can horner syndrome location be determined?

Answer 10

anhidrosis

Question 11

anhidrosis location of horners syndrome

Answer 11

central lesions - arm and trunk and face
pre-ganglionic = face
post ganglionic - no anhidrosis

Question 12

4 central causes

Answer 12

stroke
multiple sclerosis
swelling/tumours
syringomyelia

Question 13

4 pre-ganglionic causes

Answer 13

pancoast tumour
trauma
top rib
thyroidectomy

Question 14

post-ganglionic causes

Answer 14

carotid aneurysm
carotid artery dissection
CST
cluster headache

Question 15

what is congenital horners associated with?

Answer 15

heterochromia

Question 16

test for horners syndrome

Answer 16

cocaine eye drops

adrenalin eye drop