Hormones And Homeostasis R Flashcards
What is the endocrine system made up of
Glands that secrete hormones directly into the bloodstream
What are hormones
Hormones are chemical messengers that are carried into the blood to a target organ where they produce an effect
Which is faster than nervous system or hormines
the nervous system is faster as the hormones are slower and acts for longer where is the nervous system is a quick response
What is the pituitary gland in the brain also known as
it is also known as the master gland as it secretes several hormones in response to body conditions. Some of these hormones act on other glands to stimulate other hormones to be released and bring about effects.
What is adrenaline
it is a hormone produced by the adrenal glands in times of fear or stress it increases heart rate boosting for delivery of oxygen and glucose to the brain and muscles and prepares the body for flight or fight
Where can the adrenal glands be found
On the kidneys
What is thyroxine and what does it do
Direction is a hormone produced by the thyroid gland
It increases the metabolic rate
It’s controls cross on development in young animals
And is controlled by negative feedback
What is blood glucose concentration monitored and controlled by
The pancreas
What happens if the blood glucose concentration is too high
The pancreas releases more of the hormone insulin
Insulin causes glucose to move from the blood into the cells
In the liver and muscle cells excess glucose is converted to glycogen for storage
What happens if the blood glucose levels are too low
The pancreas releases glucagon
And this glucagon stimulates glycogen to be converted into glucose and released into the blood
What is diabetes type 1
It is a hereditary disease usually and is caused by the pancreas failing
It results in uncontrolled high blood glucose levels
Is normally treated with insulin injections
What is diabetes type 2
It is a disorder that is caused by the body cells no longer responding to insulin,and has obesity as a risk factor
It is treated with a carbohydrate controlled diet and regular excercise
Compared to type 1 it is always caused by an unhealthy life style
Name three ways our bodies lose water
•it leaves as air moisture during respiration
•it leaves as urine
•it leaves as sweat through the skin
What happens if the concentration of blood changes
Body cells will lose or gain too much water by osmosis
How do the kidneys produce urine
•blood is filtered
•selective reabsorption absorb useful substances: glucose, water, ions
•this leaves urea and excess water and ions to form urine
How are water levels controlled by ADH
•Anti-diuretic hormone is released by the pituitary gland when the blood is too concentrated
•It causes more water to be re absorbed in the kidneys
How are people who suffer from kidney failure usually treated by
Organ transplants or by using kidney dialysis
Kidney dialysis is where______
A dialysis machine takes over the role of the kidneys is used to remove waste products from blood three times a week
