Hoofdstuk 10 - Resources

Question 1

Human capital

Answer 1

who you are (people’s knowledge and skills)

Question 2

Social capital

Answer 2

who you know

Question 3

Informal job finding

Answer 3

in highly developed nations, 30-50% of the jobs are found via friends, family etc

Question 4

Jobs via weak ties

Answer 4

people more often find a job via one of their weaker ties, than via one of their stronger ties

Question 5

Structural hole

Answer 5

lack of social ties between communities

Question 6

Brokerage

Answer 6

network position which connects (otherwise disconnected) communities

Question 7

Social resources

Answer 7

valuable labour-market related resources that are embedded in personal networks

Question 8

Position generator

Answer 8

measure of social resources, which captures the occupational positions of respondents’ connections

Question 9

Group affiliation

Answer 9

who you belong to

Question 10

Labour market discrimination

Answer 10

employer’s unequal treatment of individuals with the same human capital, based on their group affiliation

Question 11

Taste based discrimination

Answer 11

employers prefer in-group members above out-group members

Question 12

Cumulative discrimination

Answer 12

members of a certain group are discriminated at multiple transitions in their life

Question 13

Inequality of outcomes

Answer 13

the relationship between social background and labour market outcomes

Question 14

Inequality of opportunity

Answer 14

the relationship between social background and access to resources

Question 15

Inequality of returns

Answer 15

the relationship between resources and labour market outcomes

Question 16

Motherhood penalty

Answer 16

mothers have a less favourable position in the labour market than nonmothers

Question 17

Gender essentialist belief

Answer 17

belief that there are traits distinctively male and female

Question 18

Gender hypersegregation

Answer 18

men and women work in very different occupations in contemporary societies