homicide and profiling Flashcards

1
Q

Types of Homicide

A

First degree murder: all murder that is planned and
deliberate
◦ A few cases that would not be planned or deliberate
Second degree murder: murder that is not planned
but deliberate
Manslaughter: unintentional murder that occurs
during the ‘heat of passion’ or because of criminal
negligence

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

is homicide common

A

no - only 1% of all violent crimes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Bimodal Classification of Homicide

(what are the two ways to classify homocides)

A
  • reactive aggression
    (affective-heat of the moment)
  • instrumental aggression
    (predatory-planned)
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Theories of Homicidal Aggression

Social Learning Theory

A

aggressive behavior is learned through a process of
reinforcement
◦ How rewarding has aggressive behavior been in the individual’s past?

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Theories of Homicidal Aggression

Evolutionary Theory

A

crime can be thought
of as adaptive behavior used to survive and
pass on genes
Homicide emerged as a strategy to deal with
competition for limited resources

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

Theories of Homicidal Aggression

General Aggression Model
(GAM)

A

integrates several
theories

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Multiple Murderers

A

Serial murder: the killing of at least 2 people over time
◦ Usually committed in different locations, aren’t generally connected to one
another
◦ Cooling-off period: the inactive time interval between murders, can vary in length
Mass murder: the killing of multiple victims at a single location during one
event
Spree murder: the killing of at least 2 victims in one continuous event at two
or more locations

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

mass murder minimum number of victims

A

4

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

serial murderer characteristics

A

male, while, kill for enjoyment

most victims are white young females

shooting is mosr common method

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

black widow

A

kill for fincial gain

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

angels of death

A

nurses who kill patients

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Holmes & Holmes (1998) → used 110 case files to develop a classification
system based on case characteristics
Proposed 4 major types of serial murders:

A

Visionary: kills in response to voices or visions
◦ Mission oriented: targets individuals from a group they consider ‘undesirable’
◦ Hedonistic: murders for self-gratification
◦ Lust murderer, thrill murderer, comfort murderer
◦ Power/Control: murders for dominance over the victim

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

Mass Murderers

A

Depressed, angry,
or frustrated

Believe they have
not succeeded

Socially isolated,
feel rejected

Sometimes
motivated by
perceived injustice

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

Criminal Profiling

A

Technique for identifying the major personality and behavioral characteristics
of an individual based upon an analysis of the crimes they have committed
Most commonly used for violent serial crimes

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

what does criinal profiling help with

A

Helps set traps to flush out an offender
◦ Determines whether a threatening note should be taken seriously
◦ Advises on how best to interrogate a suspect
◦ Tells prosecutors how to break down defendants in cross-examination

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

New York City’s Mad Bomber

A

1940-1957
Unknown offender detonated
bombs in public places
Dr. James Brussel, forensic
psychiatrist, developed a profile
Dr. Brussel’s profile was largely
correct, down to the double-
breasted suit that George Metesky
wore to the police station

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

when to use criminial profiling

A

when there is no clear motive

when the offender and victim do not know eachother

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

what 3 things are most important for a criminal profile

A

they get the personailty, the age, and the demographic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Criminal profiling program introduced to FBI in

20
Q

Linkage blindness:

A

inability to link geographically
dispersed serial crimes committed by the same
offender

21
Q

ViCLAS

A

1990s → RCMP develops Violent Crime Linkage
Analysis System (ViCLAS)
◦ Automated system for linking serial crimes

22
Q

Profiling Methods

A

deductive or inductive

23
Q

new criminal profiling names

A

criminal investigatve analysis

criminal investigative analyss

bheavioural investigative advisor

often law ppl not psych ppl

24
Q

Deductive Criminal Profiling

A

◦ Prediction of an offender’s background characteristics based on evidence left at
the crime scene
◦ Relies on logical reasoning, flexible approach

problem- too many options (can read into it too muvh)

25
Inductive Criminal Profiling
Prediction of an offender’s background characteristics based on what we know about other solved cases ◦ Premise: if certain crimes committed by different people are similar, offenders must also share some personality traits ◦ Arguably more objective problem- crime might be too unique
26
Goodwill, Lehmann, Beauregard, & Andrei (2016) cluster analysis
Used previously solved cases of sexual assault to develop a framework for relating categories of crime scene characteristics to categories of background characteristics Cluster Analysis to identify certain behaviors
27
Search Strategies
Hunters Poachers Trollers Trappers
28
Selection Strategies
Telio Specific Pedo/Hebe Specific Non- Specific
29
Approach Behaviors
Opportunistic Cons/Tricksters Home Intruder Persuasion
30
Assault
Violence + Control Attempt Persuasion + Sexual
31
Background Characteristics
Socially Competent Offender Antisocial Generalist Sexually Deviant Offender
32
The Validity of Criminal Profiling
1. Many profiling techniques based on a theoretical model of personality that lacks strong empirical support ◦ Classic trait model: assumes the primary determinants of behavior are stable, internal traits 2. Core psychological assumptions lack strong empirical support 3. Many profiles contain information that is so vague and ambiguous they can potentially fit many suspects 4. Professional profilers may be no better than untrained individuals at constructing accurate profiles
33
Geographic Profiling
An investigative technique that uses crime scene locations to predict the most likely area where an offender resides Used to prioritize existing suspects Assumption: most serial offenders do not travel far from home to commit their crimes Geographic Profiling Systems: computer systems that use mathematical models of offender spatial behavior to make predictions about where unknown serial offenders are likely to reside
34
hunter
close to home
35
poacher
travel
36
troller
routine street, coffee shop
37
trappers
put into situation
38
telio speciifc
like an adult femlae but w speciifc characteristisc
39
pedo/hebe specififc
child and teens they prob still hv a type
40
opportunistic cons/trickerters
a ruse oh i lost my puppy
41
persuasion
prob someone familar w non violent getting close in some way complimnets gifts
42
violence and control
physical and verbal
43
attempt
verbal but will stop with enough resistance
44
persuasion and sexual
no physical force
45
antosocial generalist
antisocial personality trait others crimes not sexual
46
the two spectrums
violence level and how spefiif cis vicitm type
47
top right of graph
home intruder, telio, sexually deviant, hunter, violence and control theyre all grouper together on the graph