deception

Question 1

Methods of Detecting Deception

Answer 1

observing/talking to ppl ( can be done anywhere)

phsyiological techniques (polygraph, brain measure)

Question 2

if ur nervous does that mean u r lying or vice versa

Answer 2

neither

Question 3

Behavior Cues
to Lying

Answer 3

North Americans tell 1-2
lies per day
Even Koko the gorilla has
told a lie or two
We assume that telling a lie
creates a physiological
change

Question 4

Are non-verbal cues of
deception harder to hide?

Answer 4

hand guesters
truth = rythmic
lie=speech prompting

Question 5

DePaulo, Lassiter, & Stone (1982) findings (research w ppl lying and either asked to focus on vocal tone or not)

Answer 5

the half asked to focus on vocal tone were better at detecting the lies

the pitch and how it chnages

Question 6

Verbal Cues to Lying (3)

Answer 6

higher pitch, speech

disturbances (ummm, ahhh, uhhhh)

Slower rate of speech (more intentional, talking slow bc unsure of what to say)

Question 7

Adams &
Harpster (2008) - innocent vs guilty how to tell

Answer 7

Innocent
◦ Requests help, corrects
misinterpretations, rude
+ demanding (they care more about getting things right, spoke quick, cooperative, emotion, sense of urgency)

Guilty
◦ Irrelevant details, state
victim is dead, polite +
patient, less emotion, more blame

Question 8

Verbal Cues to
Lying

Answer 8

Liars provide fewer details than truth-tellers
Liars’ stories are less compelling than truth-tellers
* Less plausible
* Lacking logical structure
* More discrepancies
* Less engaging
* Less fluent
* More nervous, tense
Truth-tellers more likely to spontaneously correct
their stories, more likely to admit lack of memory

Question 9

Paul Ekman’s Microexpressions

Answer 9

brief facial expressions that reflect the emotion a person
is feeling

Question 10

why r microexpressions impotant

Answer 10

Deception can be difficult to detect if the liar is not showing an obvious
emotion

Question 11

are there actually wizards like ekman said

Answer 11

no

Question 12

Can we reliably detect deception?

Answer 12

Laypeople detect deception at a rate of 54% accuracy
Trained professionals detect at a rate of 55% accuracy

just 50/50 so chance

Question 13

Why are we so bad at detecting lies

Answer 13

◦ People rely on stereotypic beliefs about lying → gaze aversion + fidgeting
◦ Truth-bias: people judge more messages as truthful than deceptive
◦ The differences between truth-tellers and liars are small

we get little feedback on if we r right

Question 14

does cofident mean accucraten

Answer 14

no

Question 15

men or women better at detecing lies in close relations

Answer 15

women

Question 16

when highly motivated….

Answer 16

worse at lying

Question 17

why are Officers are better at catching high-stakes lies

Answer 17

They are more familiar with settings that involve
high-stakes lies
◦ Lies are easier to detect when the liar is motivate

Question 18

the othello error

Answer 18

too readily interpreting signs
of nervousness as deception

Question 19

Polygraph

Answer 19

device used to record
an individual’s autonomic nervous
system response

Question 20

problem w polygraph

Answer 20

Physiological states associated with
lying are similar to those associated
with
◦ Anger
◦ Anxiety
◦ Embarrassment
◦ Fear

Question 21

The Comparison Question Test

Answer 21

neutral then relvant then comparion

neurtal = whats ur name
relveant = relveant to the case
comparsion =emotional arousinf

Question 22

CQT guilty

Answer 22

Relevant > Comp

Question 23

CQT inoocent

Answer 23

comp>relevant

Question 24

The Concealed Information Test

Answer 24

Does not detect deception
◦ Does the person know details of the
crime?
Multiple choice Questions
◦ One critical option, multiple foils
Guilty → larger physiological response
to the correct option than the incorrect
options
Skin conductance is most common
physiological response

Question 25

Polygraphs: Accurate or Not?

Answer 25

Lab Studies → participants try to lie about a
mock crime
- bad external validity
◦ Stakes are low

Field Studies → compare accuracy of
‘original’ examiners to ‘blind’ evaluators
◦ Blind evaluators only read charts, not swayed
by other cues
◦ Difficulty establishing ground truth

Question 26

CQT Accuracy

Answer 26

Confessions used to classify suspects as
innocent or guilty
◦ Among guilty → 84-92% accurate
◦ Among innocent → 55-78% accurate
◦ 9-24% suspects falsely identified as guilty

Question 27

Countermeasures

Answer 27

Techniques used to
conceal deception
Physical → biting
tongue, pressing toes on
the floor
Mental → counting
backward by 7 from 200

Question 28

Other Physiological Techniques

Answer 28

EEG, facial thermal imaging, fMRI

Question 29

is the polygraph admissible in court

Answer 29

no

Question 30

problems w CQT

Answer 30

physioloigcal changes or the lack thereof are not indicative of anything

witness the crime will impact so will if u know the suspect

novel q could throw u off if ur guilty

guilty might be habitutated to the crime and hv to response

Question 31

concealed info test problem

Answer 31

again asuming a rxn to info is physiological

crimials might not rember every deatil of the crime

if its a big crime everyone will know about it

lots of arousal during the crime = bad memeoru about it

Question 32

why should the concealed info tets be good for innocent ppl

Answer 32

bc so unliekly that they respond to the right answer eveyrthing if they dont know anything

Question 33

when is lying easy

Answer 33

low stakes, low motivation

Question 34

can u hv bias in polygraph

Answer 34

yes

Question 35

expert vs laypeople polygraph

Answer 35

expert think bad, laypeople think good

problem: laypeople = jury

Question 36

problem w polygraph neutral q

Answer 36

neural q doesnt elicit emotion/arousal as others so u dont hv proper basline of arousal q that u r innocent

Question 37

30 mins of instruction on coutermeasures means

Answer 37

50% ppl incluidng guilty would pass

Question 38

are other physiological techniques admissible in court

Answer 38

no

Question 39

facial thermal imagining

Answer 39

maybe warm = lie

Question 40

fMRI not yet bc

Answer 40

need to find where exactly the lying is in the brain