Homeostasis COPY Flashcards
What is homeostasis?
The maintenance of a constant internal enviroment
What things are kept the same in our bodies?
Water levels, temperature, sugar (glucose) levels
What makes up the nervous system?
Brain, spinal cord, nerves
What is a reflex?
An automatic response, it happens without thinking
What is a stimulus?
A change in the environment, like temperature change
What does a receptor do?
Detects a stimulus
What does an effector do?
Causes a response, like a muscle causing movement
In a reflex arc, which neuron carries the electrical impulse from the receptor to the spinal cord?
Sensory neuron
In a reflex arc, which neuron carries the electrical impulse from the spinal cord to the effector?
Motor neuron
In a reflex arc, which neuron passes the electrical impulse from the sensory to motor neuron?
Relay neuron
How are messages transmitted in the nervous system?
As electrical impulses
What is the endocrine system?
The hormone system
What is insulin?
A hormone
What does insulin do?
Causes blood glucose to be stored as glycogen in the liver
When is insulin released?
When the blood glucose level is too high
Where is insulin produced?
The pancreas
What is the primary female hormone?
Oestrogen
What is the primary male hormone?
Testosterone
What is type 1 diabetes?
Body does not produce insulin
What is type 2 diabetes?
Body does not respond to insulin
How is type 1 diabetes treated?
Diet & exercise, insulin injections
How is type 2 diabetes treated?
Diet & exercise
When is sperm produced in males
After puberty
When are eggs released in females?
Once a month after puberty
What does the hormone FSH do?
Causes an egg to mature in the ovary
What does the hormone LH do?
Stimulates release of an egg
What do oestrogen & progesterone do?
Maintain the uterus lining
List 3 hormonal methods of contraception.
Oral contraceptive pills, injection of hormones, hormone patches
List 5 non-hormonal methods of contraception.
Condoms, IUDs, spermicide, surgical sterilisation, abstinence
How do hormones travel around the body?
In the blood stream
Identify 6 parts of the endocrine system.
Pituitary gland, pancreas, thyroid, adrenal gland, ovaries, testes
