Homeostasis Flashcards
Define homeostasis
Maintenance of a constant internal environment
Two hormones that is secreted by the pancreas
Insulin and glucagon
Insulin
Blood glucose rises and stimulate liver and muscle cells to convert excess glucose into glycogen to be stored
Glucagon
Blood glucose falls and stimulate liver and muscle cells to convert stored glycogen into glucose to be released into the blood
Type 1 diabetes description
Pancreas failure to produce insulin
The body absolutely lacks insulin because of the destruction of the insulin producing beta cells of the pancreas
Type 1 diabetes treatment
- taking insulin
-frequent blood sugar monitoring
-diet control
-excerpting regular
-maintaining healthy weight
Type 2 diabetes description
The primary problem in type 2 diabetes is the inability of the body’s cells to use insulin properly and efficiently leading to hyperglycemia (high blood sugar) and diabete
Cells fails to respond to insulin properly
Insulin fails to bind to the receptor properly
The signal is not sent into the cell so the cell don’t take up glucos
Blood glucose level
Where was lnsulin and glucagon affect the organs
Liver
Type 1 diabete description
(Insulin dependant )
Autoimmune disease
Beta cell in pancreas are destroyed by an immune system
Pancreas can not secrete insulin
Type 2 diabete
(Insulin independent )
Pancreas does secrete insulin
Liver and muscle don’t respond to insulin
Role of ADH
Control of Water reabsorption occurs along the nephron tubules in the kidney
If the water content of the blood too high
Hypothalamus detect high water potential in the blood
Less ADH is secreted by the pituitary gland
More water is reabsorbed by kidney
More water lost in urine
Large volume of dilute urine
If the water content of the blood is too Low
Hypothalamus detect Low water potential in the blood
The pituitary gland release more ADH which leads to more water being reabsorbed in the tubules of the kidney
Less water lost in urine
Small volume of concentrated urine
Too much water cold day less sweating
Osmoreceptor @ hypothalamus detect high water potential in blood ( then send nerve impulse to the pituitary glands)
Less ADH is secreted by pituitary gland
ADH travel through blood and reach the collecting duct
Less permeability of the collecting
Less water reabsorption
More volume of diluted urine
Too little water
Osmoreceptor @ hypothalamus detect lower water potential in the blood
More ADH is secreted by pituitary gland
ADH travel through the blood to the collecting duct
More ADH makes the collecting duct more permeable
More water reabsorption
Less volume of urine ( more concentrated urine)
