Homeostasis

Question 1

which comes first, afferent renal arteriole or efferent renal arteriole?

Answer 1

afferent –> efferent

(a comes first before e; afferent larger diameter than efferent

Question 2

which comes first, distal convoluted tubule or proximal convoluted tubule?

Answer 2

proximal –> distal
(distal sound like distance so is further away)
why is ur method so cute >o

Question 3

in PROXIMAL convoluted tubule, ___ and ___ is reabsorbed(100%) through ___

Answer 3

glucose, amino acids, active transport

Question 4

in PROXIMAL convoluted tubule, sodium ions and ___ are reabsorbed through __

Answer 4

chloride ions, passive transport

Question 5

in loop of henle and DISTAL convoluted tubule, sodium ions and __ are reabsorbed through __ while water is reabsorbed through __

Answer 5

chlorine ions, active transport, osmosis

Question 6

explain how ultrafiltration occurs in glomerulus

Answer 6

• blood entering the glomerulus is under high HYDROSTATIC pressure due to the diameter of afferent arteriole is larger than that of efferent arteriole
• fluid seeps through the walls of glomerulus capillaries into the cavity of bowman’s capsule
• ultrafiltration occurs
• only small molecules present in glomerulus filtrate
• red blood cells n platelets remain in blood flowing to the efferent arteriole

Question 7

explain the regulation of partial pressure of co2 in blood during vigorous activity

Answer 7

• respiratory rate increases causes the concentration of co2 in bloid to increase
• co2 dissolves in blood plasma to form carbonic acid
• ph level in blood decreases
• detected by chemoreceptors in medulla oblongata
• nerve impulses triggered and sent to respiration control centre for a negative feedback
• intercoastal muscles, diaphragms and cardiac muscle stimulated to contract n relax quickly
• co2 expelled

Question 8

receptors for blood glucose level

Answer 8

beta cells in pancreatic Langerhans cells –> insulin

alpha cells in pancreatic Langerhans cells –> glucagon

Question 9

during a hot day, blood osmotic pressure __. ___ in the hypothalamus are stimulated. __ adh is secreted from the pituitary gland. walls of distal convoluted tubule is __ permeable to water. more water is reabsorbed

Answer 9

increases, osmoreceptors, more, more