Biodiversity

Question 1

What 2 kingdom of organisms are prokaryote?

Answer 1

Archaebacteria , Eubacteria

Question 2

Give 2 characteristics of kingdom fungi

Answer 2

• eukaryote
• made of network of hyphae called mycellium
• has cell walls made of chitin
• heterotrophs
• unicellular / multicellular

Question 3

State 2 similarities between kindom plantae and kingdom animalia

Answer 3

• multicellular organisms
• both can be heterotrophs
• eukaryote
• both can undergo sexual reproduction

Question 4

What are the 3 types of archaebacteria. Explain

Answer 4

• methogen : lives in swamps and the digestive tract of animals and ruminants
• halophyle: live in conditions with high salt concentration
• thermophyle: lives in hot areas such as desserts and hot springs.

Question 5

How are eubacteria classified?

Answer 5

• according to their shapes

Question 6

List the classification order of the taxanomy heirarchy

Answer 6

Domain – Kingdom – Phylum – Class – Order – Family – Genome – Species

Do keep pond clean or frog get sick

Question 7

What is the dichotomous key used for?

Answer 7

For identification of organisims

Question 8

what is phylogeny?

Answer 8

The evolutionary history of a group of organisms which are genetically linked

Question 9

Define homologous structure

Answer 9

A structure which can be observedacross multiple organisms which shares the same ancestors

Question 10

What are the characteristic of a virus

Answer 10

• non cellular organism
• does not carry living processes outside a cell
• made up of capsids and nucleic acid
• very small size

Question 11

Does bacteria have nucleus? Explain.

Answer 11

No nucleus.

- DNA floats freely in the cytoplasm. They are called nucleoid.

Question 12

What process occurs when nitrogen in the atmosphere is converted into ammonia in the soil

Answer 12

Nitrogen fixing bacteria by Rhizobium sp. in root nodules of legumes and Azotobacter living freely in soil

Question 13

Besides microorganisms, what other ways can nitrogen be converted into nitrate ions

Answer 13

• Lightning: nitrogen converted into nitrogen dioxide by lightning –> no2 combines with rain water to form HNO3 and nitrous acid –> forms nitrate salts in soil
• Industrial fertilisers

Question 14

What bacteria converts ammonium into nitrite ions

Answer 14

nitrosomonas sp.

Question 15

Define pathogens

Answer 15

Microorganisms which causes diseases

Question 16

Give an example of microorganisms as parasites

Answer 16

-Plasmodium sp. lives in the female Anopheles mosquito which causes malaria

Question 17

What are two types of symbionts

Answer 17

• Ecto symbiont: Lives outside of the host

- Endosymbiont: lives inside the host

Question 18

What type of microorganisms causes food poisoning?

Answer 18

• bacteria

- salmonella sp.