HLTH 311 exam 1

Question 1

what are some causes of communicable diseases?

Answer 1

fungus, protozoa, bacteria, virus

Question 2

how are communicable disease spread?

Answer 2

through direct physical contact, indirect contact, eating contaminated food or water, or contact with animals or insects

Question 3

what is the difference between an acute and chronic disease?

Answer 3

acute - severe and sudden, but can be cured
chronic - ongoing

Question 4

what causes chronic disease?

Answer 4

sedentary lifestyle, being overweight, genetics, environmental factors, eating foods high in fat, healthcare system, poor health habits

Question 5

what are some examples of a communicable disease?

Answer 5

*bronchitis
*pneumonia
*Lyme disease
*cold
* small pox

Question 6

true or false: between the years of 2000 and 2016 there was an increase in the leading causes of death being caused by chronic diseases

Answer 6

true

Question 7

why has there been an increase in the leading cause of death happening from chronic diseases

Answer 7

• aging population
  *vaccination
  *sedentary lifestyle
• sanitation & hygiene
  *antibiotics & antimicrobial disease
• increasing stress levels
• better understanding of disease

Question 8

what are the factors that are affecting the re-emergence and new emergence of diseases?

Answer 8

• human behavior change and demographic
  *ecological change
  *microbial adaptation
  *international travel
• economic growth

Question 9

How can we address the challenges resulting from emerging communicable diseases and growing chronic diseases in US?

Answer 9

Prevention

Question 10

primary prevention:
- what is it?
- what is primary prevention for the stage of the disease?
-type of response?

Answer 10

-any kind of strategies to prevent the spread of the disease
- pre-disease stage
- health promotion and specific protection

Question 11

secondary prevention
- what is it?
- what is primary prevention for the stage of the disease?
-type of response?

Answer 11

• trying to target and treat the disease to slow its progression
• ## latent disease

Question 12

tertiary prevention
- what is it?
- what is primary prevention for the stage of the disease?
-type of response?

Question 13

incidence vs prevalence

Answer 13

incidence - new cases
prevalence - existing cases

Question 14

what methods of primary prevention can be used for chronic diseases?

Question 15

what methods of primary prevention can be used for communicable disease?

Question 16

what methods of secondary prevention can be used for chronic disease?

Question 17

what methods of secondary prevention can be used for communicable diseases?

Question 18

why are interventions hard to do for secondary prevention?

Answer 18

since the disease is latent the person can be asymptomatic and possibly produce false negative test results