HIV II Flashcards

1
Q

In pregnant women, when are the conditions that could lead to vertical transmission of HIV?

A

In the third trimester, during the birth process, breast feeding and mixed feeding

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2
Q

Define primary and secondary prophylaxis

A

Primary prophylaxis: Measures to prevent infection

Secondary infection: Measures to maintain treatment and avoid recurrence of infection

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3
Q

Where is the most common site of CMV infection for patients with HIV?

A

eyes

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4
Q

Which virus cause Kaposi’s Sarcoma and which virus cause Lymphoma?

A

Kaposi’s Sarcoma is caused by HHV8 whereas Lymphomas are caused by EBV.

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5
Q

MAC infection in HIV patients is highly likely if CD4 count is below?

A

CD4 < 50

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6
Q

What can improve outcome of MAC

A

HAART, Macrolides and quinolones

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7
Q

What are the side effects of HAART?

A
  1. Mitochondrial toxicity: Pancreatis, Myopathy, Neuropathy

2. Interactions with cytochrome P450: Insulin resistance, drug interactions

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8
Q

Which virus is associated with “Hairy Leukoplakia”? What is hairy leukoplakia?

A

EBV. They present as white patches on the tongue or in the mucosa surfaces of the mouth. (Looks similar to oral thrush, except it cannot be dislodged/removed).
Mostly seen in HIV patients or the severely immunocompromised patients.

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9
Q

What is the duration of the seroconversion for HIV?

A

2 - 6 weeks after exposure

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